User:Mr. Ibrahem/Dantrolene

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Mr. Ibrahem/Dantrolene
Structural formula of dantrolene
Space-filling model of the dantrolene molecule
Clinical data
Trade namesDantrium, Revonto, Ryanodex
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa682576
License data
Pregnancy
category
Routes of
administration		By mouth, intravenous
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability70%
MetabolismLiver
ExcretionBiliary, kidney
Identifiers
  • 1-{[5-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-furyl]methylideneamino}
    imidazolidine-2,4-dione
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC14H10N4O5
Molar mass314.257 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • [O-][N+](=O)c3ccc(c2oc(C=NN1C(=O)NC(=O)C1)cc2)cc3
  • InChI=1S/C14H10N4O5/c19-13-8-17(14(20)16-13)15-7-11-5-6-12(23-11)9-1-3-10(4-2-9)18(21)22/h1-7H,8H2,(H,16,19,20) checkY
  • Key:OZOMQRBLCMDCEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Dantrolene sodium, sold under the brand name Dantrium among others, is a medication used to treat malignant hyperthermia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, and muscle spasticity.[3][4] This may include spasticity such as due to multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, or stroke.[4] Other possible uses include MDMA toxicity.[5] It may be used by injection into a vein or by mouth.[3]

Common side effects include sleepiness, dizziness, weakness, and diarrhea.[4] Intravenous use may also result in inflammation at the site.[4] Other side effects may include liver problems or palpitations.[3] It works by blocking Ca2+ ions release by skeletal muscles and thereby preventing their contraction.[3]

Dantrolene was first made in 1967 by Snyder.[5] It was approved for medical use in the United States in 1974.[4] It is available as a generic medication.[6] Hospitals are recommended to keep at least 36 vials totaling 720 mg on hand, enough for a 70-kg person.[7] This amount in the United Kingdom costs the NHS about £1,800 and in the United States about 3,000 USD as of 2020.[3][8]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b "Dantrolene Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 9 December 2019. Archived from the original on 25 January 2021. Retrieved 6 July 2020.
  2. ^ "Dantrium 25mg Capsules - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 28 February 2020. Archived from the original on 7 July 2020. Retrieved 6 July 2020.
  3. ^ a b c d e f BNF (80 ed.). BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. September 2020 – March 2021. p. 1417. ISBN 978-0-85711-369-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  4. ^ a b c d e f g "Dantrolene Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 28 January 2021. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  5. ^ a b Krause T, Gerbershagen MU, Fiege M, Weisshorn R, Wappler F (2004). "Dantrolene – a review of its pharmacology, therapeutic use and new developments". Anaesthesia. 59 (4): 364–73. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.2004.03658.x. PMID 15023108. S2CID 18537509.
  6. ^ "Dantrolene Prices, Coupons & Savings Tips - GoodRx". GoodRx. Archived from the original on 13 October 2016. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  7. ^ Yeung EY, Munroe J (2015). "Development of a malignant hyperthermia protocol". BMC Proceedings. 9 (Suppl1): A32. doi:10.1186/1753-6561-9-S1-A32. PMC 4306034.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  8. ^ Ho, PT; Carvalho, B; Sun, EC; Macario, A; Riley, ET (August 2018). "Cost-benefit Analysis of Maintaining a Fully Stocked Malignant Hyperthermia Cart versus an Initial Dantrolene Treatment Dose for Maternity Units". Anesthesiology. 129 (2): 249–259. doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000002231. PMID 29672336.
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