Talk:Scratch hardness

Illegitimi non carborundum

See also: "Мартышка и очки" : (Scratch hardness is a particular consideration in optics.)

"The first fact which is apparent from the data obtained from our testing is that hardness is distinctly a characteristic of the test used to determine it." — Ridgway, et al, The Carborundum Company

The page could maybe use improved definitions of scratch hardness and scratch test.

Sources for improvement of the page:

Primaries for Ridgway and Wooddell: (Ridgway and Wooddell are two important historical attempts to expand mineralogist's Mohs hardness into a practical scale for ceramics manufacture, but there are other methods.)

• Ridgway, Raymond R; Ballard, Archibald H; Bailey, Bruce L. (1933). "Hardness Values for Electrochemical Products". Transactions of the Electrochemical Society. 63: 369. doi:10.1149/1.3493827. Retrieved 2022-04-22.
• Wooddell, Charles E. (1935). "Method of Comparing the Hardness of Electric Furnace Products and Natural Abrasives". Transactions of the Electrochemical Society. 68: 111–130. doi:10.1149/1.3493860. Retrieved 2022-04-22.

Searching on these titles finds some secondaries. Examples:

• C. Barry Carter, M. Grant Norton (2013). Ceramic Materials: Science and Engineering. [citing Ridgway, et al, 1933] Note that in Chapter 16 we consider the extended [industrial] version as defined by Ridgway but it is not nearly so widely used in the Gem industry. (ironically published the same year as the WP page)

• Industrial Minerals and Rocks: (nonmetallics Other Than Fuels). American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers. 1960.
  Mineralogical hardness or "scratch" hardness is as expressed in Mohs scales is an important property in evaluating abrasive materials, but it is only one of several essential properties ...
  both "scratch" hardness and toughness must be considered. ...
  The Mohs scale is inadequate both because the methods of testing are very crude and because the intervals between steps in the scale are not uniform. ...
  Numerous attempts have been made to remedy these deficiencies. Ridgway, Ballard, and Baily [1933] proposed an extension of Mohs scale to include artificially prepared substances.

• R. W. Rice, A. G. Evans (1978). "Hardness and Its Relation to Machining". NBS Special Publication, (562): 185–187.
  Since translational motion is involved in machining operations, it would appear that scratch hardness is a more relevant parameter than the commonly used indentation hardness. ...
  Also in some earlier studies the rate of lapping was used as an extension of, or replacement for, the familiar Moh [sic] hardness scale.[14 (Wooddell 1935)]{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)

• Several current ceramic coating manufacturers name "Mohs, Ridgway, and Wooddell" as a triad, but I will not try to see whether they were influenced by WP.

• Kevin J. Anderson. "Hardness Testing" (PDF). MRS Bulletin. Historical Note (November 1994): 7. Retrieved 2022-04-21. For all its usefulness, the Mohs scale is arbitrary and nonlinear. ... When synthetic abrasive materials become widely available at the beginning of this century, R.R. Ridgway and his co-workers, finding they needed more numbers at the high end of the scale, modified Mohs' scheme. C.E. Wooddell measured how much various minerals resisted wearing down with diamond abrasives, which allowed a finer categorization between the Mohs numbers of 9 and 10. Ridgway arbitrarily shifted the value of diamond to 15 on the scale instead of 10, which allowed them to assign hardness numbers of 12 to fused alumina, 13 to silicon carbide, and 14 to boron carbide.

• Francis P. Bundy (1974). "Superhard Materials". Scientific American. 231 (2): 62–71. Retrieved 2022-04-21. Wooddell indexed his scale by assigning quartz and corundum their Mohs values of 7 and 9, and the scale is therefore called the Mohs-Wooddell scale.

Maybe another way to may go at it:

• Science.gov search scratch+test+analysis

IveGoneAway (talk)

For convenience, I copied the the remainder of the samples of abundant sources dome the delete discussion:

• Tony Atkins (2009). Science and Engineering of Cutting. Elsevier Butterworth Heinemann. ISBN 9780080942452.

"a professor of mechanical engineering devotes the whole of §6.6 to scratch hardness."

• David Tabor (1951). The Hardness of Metals. Retrieved 2022-05-03.

"... has good introductory level material on scratch hardness in, unsurprisingly, its introduction on pages 1 to 3."

"Atkins tells us that there's a whole distinct second measurement of scratch hardness that isn't Mohs's. It's Thomas Turner's sclerometer. Add in that name and '"Hardness of Metals", Trans. Birm. Phil. Soc. 1886' and entire bibliographies on scratch hardness start turning up, and then a 1934 book by Hugh O'Neill on The Hardness of Metals and its Measurement that brings in Adolf Martens's quantification of Turner, as mentioned, and indeed as cited by, Atkins. "

The above quotations are from User:Uncle G.

• Tabor, D (1956). "The physical meaning of indentation and scratch hardness". British Journal of Applied Physics. 7 (5). IOP Publishing.

• Sawamura, S.; Wondraczek, L. (2018). "Scratch hardness of glass". Physical Review Materials. 2 (9). APS Physics. Retrieved 2022-05-03.

• Flanders, L.A.; Quinn, J.B.; Wilson Jr, O.C.; Lloyd, I.K. (2003). "Scratch hardness and chipping of dental ceramics under different environments" (PDF). Dental Materials. 19 (8). Elsevier: 716-724. Retrieved 2022-05-03.

• George F. Vander Voort (1999). Metallography, Principles and Practice. ASM International. pp. 368–369. ISBN 9781615032365.

• Erhard Winkler (2013). Stone in Architecture; Properties, Durability. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 36–38. ISBN 9783662100707. Retrieved 2022-05-03.

• Tony Atkins; Anthony G. Atkins (2009). The Science and Engineering of Cutting; The Mechanics and Processes of Separating, Scratching and Puncturing Biomaterials, Metals and Non-metals. Elsevier Science. pp. 157–160. ISBN 9780080942452. Retrieved 2022-05-03.

IveGoneAway (talk) 03:05, 4 May 2022 (UTC)