Talk:High-functioning autism/Archive 1

Person first language

Use "people friendly", "people first" language. "autistic people" NOT "people with autism". —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.55.199.127 (talk) 03:57, 23 October 2010 (UTC)

You've got it backwards: "people with autism" not "autistic people". But for a different perspective ... JIMp _talk·cont 14:24, 22 November 2010 (UTC)

The autism community, and the wider neurodiverse community, have expressed a strong preference for identity first, not person first terminology, ie autistic person, not person with autism. PWD constructions are based on the idea that a person is not defined by their disability (and arguably a core belief among theoretical allies that disability is something to be ashamed of). But a neurodiverse person is inseperable from their disability, it quite literally defines the person we are. 82.11.64.250 (talk) 20:52, 14 August 2017 (UTC)

I had to google that PWD means Person With Disability, as to me the acronym wasn't immediately clear; I am only lately assessed to be on the spectrum, so I'm not familiar with common terminology. UnderEducatedGeezer (talk) 08:57, 20 November 2019 (UTC)

older entries

This is horrendous and needs attention badly. I'll see what I can do tomorrow. FatherGuidoSarducci

If you or someone else does (and keeps the no original research violating correlations), see my comment here on personality correlations (etc...). -- Tomorrow came and went 24.22.227.53 19:31, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

err i think the article is inacurate in many ways and needs work. 1 i am a person with aspbergrs (correction-asperger!) syndrome and i CANNOT function near normal in soceity. to make a absolute statement that every high end autistic can is a really terrible thing to say and isa stright out LIE for one i have dysgraphya and a few other learning disabilitys accoiated with aspebergrs that makes working and social functions very hard. please read about high end autism before you write anything and take it all into account- thank you

The term Asperger syndrome is generally used to refer to those who can function in society -- if one has multiple diagnoses, this changes the situation. Other learning disabilities may be associated with Aspberger's, but they are not linked to it directly. Poesian 20:57, 5 June 2006 (UTC)

I believe several points need to be taken into account here. 1-'Neurotypicals' with autistic traits are not high-functioning autistics. 2-The use of labels such as Asperger Syndrome vs Kanner Autism are not standardised. As in the above paragraph, care must be taken to clarify that not all aspies lack functioning problems, for example. 3-Controversies_about_functioning_labels_in_the_autism_spectrum should be more than a 'see-also'; this article is based on assumptions which it challenges. --196.25.255.210 21:10, 27 December 2005 (UTC) (asperger's and hfa are different things! pull it together!I am hfa marked by serius speech delay!) It should be noted that recent research, as quoted in Time Magazine shows that many patients with low-level autism are not, in fact, mentally retarded. Through therapy, advances in communication are being made, allowing patients to "speak" through an interpreter. Oftentimes, this "speech" shows a high level of comprehension and intellect.

So much conflation, so little time

This article conflates high-functioning autism with Asperger's syndrome in the introduction (when this is far from the consensus) and later distinguishes HFA from "autism," where I take autism to mean low-functioning autism. In truth, high-functioning autism is a diagnosis of autistic disorder (DSM-IV-TR) or childhood autism (ICD-10) without mental retardation (an otherwise relatively high level of adapative functioning).

Also, this article is heavy on speculation and personal opinion (like the MBTI stuff) and needs to cite more professional, scholarly sources.--NeantHumain 22:54, 29 September 2006 (UTC)

This is not a joust at content or POV so much as form and substance here.

This statement:

“HFA is sometimes also known as Asperger syndrome, however this is a misnomer.”

is in conflict with

“Experts disagree on whether or not high-functioning autism and Asperger's syndrome are synonymous, but both, by definition, require a relatively high level of adaptive functioning in comparison to low-functioning autism.”

1. It is a misnomer but experts have not reached consensus and they may or may not be defined the same way?

2. The DSM and the ICD have this categorization? As you say, it does not.

This statement could lead somewhere but we need to know where the debate is taking place:

"The difference is that in Asperger syndrome there is no linguistic delay however there is in HFA.”

Calling this a misnomer at the start presents problems. The opening statement needs to be revised to reflect the disputed scientific view, not an undisputed viewpoint.

Another small glitch:

"In everyday terms, those who are affected by it may be understood as being "eccentrics", "nerds", "geeks", or termed a "little professor" or boffin.

This is also the term Hans Asperger used, ‘little professors.’

It is entirely possible that the references listed in the section below the article could be used to muster the needed citations. With a balanced rewrite to reflect the POV issues at hand (all too common in science and that is as it should be), this could be a valuable addition to the Wikipedia “Autism” collection. Hope you find time in the near future. Malangthon 00:25, 22 January 2007 (UTC)

So much of not enough

I think what ever is not redundant here (much of it simply overlaps with the Autism article for example), should be given sources and then placed in the Autism or Asperger's article. I went through hundreds of documents on PubMed and this is a very loose term with very little if any identified criteria--at this time. But the article begins by saying this is not a real condition and has no formal definition but then it just goes on as if the veracity was established- This could be a disambiguation, it could be the focus of a section in another article to demonstrate disputes in the field, but it is not an entire article. Malangthon 07:23, 25 February 2007 (UTC)

The opening line has been stripped of everything that can not be substantiated or is simply incorrect. Here is what I deleted: "People with the diagnosis of high-functioning autism still experience substantial and pervasive difficulties in society. HFA is a developmental disorder similar to Asperger's Syndrome, however, HFA is usually a more pronounced disorder, particularly because of HFA's congruent language delay. "

Basically, a high-functioning autistic person is autistic and has a higher I.Q. than autistic people with lower I.Q.s. That is it. They are not retarded, not cognitively challenged. It is a part of the diagnosis and is not a separate aspect or disorder. Until someone can come up with reputable sources (and not commercial vendors trying to make a buck no matter how altruistic), this really needs a serious rewrite. Malangthon 20:11, 25 February 2007 (UTC)

So Close

The citation for this paragraph "There is some evidence that the label has wrongly become a catch-all diagnosis for badly-behaved children. In 2000 in the UK, the lead clinician and autism specialist at Northgate and Prudhoe NHS Trust in Morpeth, Dr Tom Berney, published a paper commenting on this. He wrote in the prestigious British Journal of Psychiatry:- "There is a risk of the diagnosis of autism being extended to include anyone whose odd and troublesome personality does not readily fit some other category. Such over-inclusion is likely to devalue the diagnosis to a meaningless label.""

Lacked

• Title of paper
• Volume and number of journal issue
• Page--it is a quote

Malangthon 20:23, 25 February 2007 (UTC)

Templates

Added them to sections since putting them out for statments was just tedious. The issue is there, the need for a short article is demonstrable, but this is not it. Malangthon 00:43, 27 February 2007 (UTC)

DSM IV GAF Scale

The GAF scale is the 5th diagnostic axis of the DSM-IV. GAF means Global assessment of Functioning. A broad functioning level label could be derived from that, maybe also combined with IQ. Maybe even add more tiers (VHFA, HFA, MFA, LFA, VLFA). VHFA would be GAF 51-70, IQ 92.5+ (>-0.5 SD) HFA would be GAF 41-60, IQ 77.5-92.5 (-1.5 to -0.5 SD). MFA would be GAF 31-50, IQ 55-77.5 (-3 to -1.5 SD). LFA would be GAF 21-40, IQ 40-55 (-4 to -3 SD). VLFA would be GAF <31, IQ<40 (<-4 SD). I made the GAF ranges intentially overlap as cognitive impairment can add to the decline of functioning on top of the base autistic impairments.

IQ is a mean of 100 and a Standard Deviation of 15. Poeople who are sensory Kinesthetic dominant have an unfair disadvantage with the WAIS-R. Here's the GAF Scale:

• 91-100 Superior functioning in a wide range of activities, life's problems never seem to get out of hand, is sought out by others because of his or her many qualities. No symptoms.
• 90-81 Absent or minimal symptoms, good functioning in all areas, interested and involved in a wide range of activities, socially effective, generally satisfied with life, no more than everyday problems or concerns.
• 80-71 If symptoms are present they are transient and expectable reactions to psychosocial stresses; no more than slight impairment in social, occupational, or school functioning.
• 70-61 Some mild symptoms OR some difficulty in social, occupational, or school functioning, but generally functioning pretty well, has some meaningful interpersonal relationships.
• 60-51 Moderate symptoms OR any moderate difficulty in social, occupational, or school functioning.
• 50-41 Serious symptoms OR any serious impairment in social, occupational, or school functioning.
• 40-31 Some impairment in reality testing or communication OR major impairment in several areas, such as work or school, family relations, judgment, thinking, or mood.
• 30-21 Behavior is considered influenced by delusions or hallucinations OR serious impairment in communications or judgment OR inability to function in all areas.
• 20-11 Some danger or hurting self or others OR occasionally fails to maintain minimal personal hygiene OR gross impairment in communication.
• 10-1 Persistent danger of severely hurting self or others OR persistent inability to maintain minimum personal hygiene OR serious suicidal act with clear expectation of death.
• 0 Not enough information available to provide GAF--GreatInca 20:23, 2 May 2007 (UTC)

Benefits section

Does anyone have, well, any research at all demonstrating these benefits (particularly correlation with honesty or problem solving, and so on), or can this section simply be deleted? Never mind original research, I'm not seeing any research there at all. Jon R W 03:49, 21 September 2007 (UTC)

Asperger or HFA

WhatAmIDoing removed the failed verification tag here; the article is clearly discussing Asperger as a form of autism, not HFA. Pls explain? SandyGeorgia (Talk) 22:37, 11 February 2008 (UTC)

Uncited essay removed from "Social aspects"

Children with HFA may appear somewhat removed or dissociated or dreamy at times, especially when in sensory overload or from a perception of extreme social pressure. They may make little eye contact, leading others to conclude that they are shy, uninterested or evasive.

As with people elsewhere on the autistic spectrum transitioning from one activity to another can be highly stressful, especially unpredictable changes. Because of this, people with high-functioning autism generally prefer a scheduled routine and order from a very young age. Many high-functioning autistic children use daily schedules to minimize anxiety, and often incorporate structure into their lives themselves. They may, for example, write an alphabetized index of their comic book collection, or they may stick to a limited wardrobe.

SandyGeorgia (Talk) 18:02, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

Uncited essay removed from "Asociated difficulties"

People may label HFA people as "oddballs" or worse, and HFA people can easily become the target of bullying. This can be especially true from primary school through the late teens. Young, intelligent HFA people usually do best by seeking out the company of their intellectual peers or by joining hobby groups, while avoiding their age-group peers. Exposure to an age equivalent peer group within the autism spectrum on a regular basis can be especially beneficial.

Attending social and business events to network is also proven to play a crucial role in job hunting, but events such as these are the type that HFA people usually avoid due to their unease with the complex social interactions required. Difficulties with such pre-employment factors may contribute to comparative poverty, although intelligent HFA adults can usually find a good job if they can specialise in their area of interest. Once in a good job, however, their talents may lead to promotion and they may find themselves in a new job description that does not fit their personality.

Some may have minor to moderate difficulty with motor skills and co-ordination. This may manifest itself as mere clumsiness or awkwardness but in some instances can be found at a level where the child is a danger to themselves (this is especially true when younger), but may manifest itself in adulthood by "bumping into walls" and doors or other people without intention. Some may also nurture a complex habitual movement (called stereotypy) at which they become adept, for example, pen spinning, while otherwise being prone to clumsiness. These difficulties can be overcome through sensory integration therapy.

They do not necessarily lack empathy (although they may have difficulty expressing it), and can thus enjoy films and stories with emotional content. Some may gain the bulk of their insight into why people behave the way they do through watching movies that provide a forceful and musically-cued "capsule lesson" in human emotions (e.g. melodramas).

SandyGeorgia (Talk) 18:05, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

Removed from "Characteristics", not about HFA

Nevertheless they are capable of social reasoning. Children with autism can understand stereotypes, social roles and other forms of social reasoning. Many examples include understanding the role of cashier in a supermarket and locking the doors when in certain neighborhoods. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/06/070618124614.htm

Source makes no mention of HFA, is about autism in general, not specific to HFA. Also, should be sourced to PMID 17580071 not the media. SandyGeorgia (Talk) 22:41, 15 February 2008 (UTC)

Generally, there are difficulties with social interaction. This might not adversely affect their ability to interact with others on a day-to-day basis at a basic working level, although they may be seen as being overly serious or earnest, and as being without any "small talk" in conversation. In many instances though, these individuals have such severe social delays and difficulties that interaction within a "normal" social setting can be severely hampered. Although Tristan Lavender of Leiden Universiteit says Autistic children may be more emotional than most people think. She believes Autistic children are capable of listening to conversation and finding out how they feel through words even if they happen to not exchange words with the people having the conversation. http://research.leidenuniv.nl/index.php3?c=357

Sourced to a personal website that never mentions HFA, is about autism in general. SandyGeorgia (Talk) 22:44, 15 February 2008 (UTC)

They may have difficulty initiating love and friendship relationships due to less developed social skills, a perceived inexpressiveness, and a difficulty recognizing subtle and nonverbal messages from others. One method HFA children and adults use to get around this is communicating through email and the internet. Many of the children and adults claim it is one way that helps them bypass the mass amount of social skills they feel are needed to interact with the average person. They also claim it allows them to communicate at their own pace. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9803E7DC1F31F933A05755C0A961958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all

Source is about autism in general, doesn't mention HFA, and topic is already covered at Sociological and cultural aspects of autism. SandyGeorgia (Talk) 22:47, 15 February 2008 (UTC)

Given the proven crucial role of body language in job interviews, lack of eye contact in such a situation may be perceived by potential employers as indicating that the candidate is "not telling the truth" or "uninterested in the job" (which is actually a myth http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/sci_tech/2002/leicester_2002/2245487.stm), and thus lead to a cumulative difficulty in finding employment. A study from Nottingham University says that autistic chidlren actually can interpret other peoples mental states by looking at their eyes. In the study conducted the autistic participants were actually able to read animated facial expressions. The researchers say that the tests done on children with this condtion using still pictures were actually inaccurate and that the suggested alterantive to better determine the capabalitites of these children is using moving images. http://biosingularity.wordpress.com/2007/03/31/the-eyes-have-it-autism-research-yields-surprising-results/

No mention of HFA in the source, also should cite actual study not press release, and first sentence is original research unrelated to this article. SandyGeorgia (Talk) 22:51, 15 February 2008 (UTC)

Autistic people are prone to commit social faux pas because of an inability to predict others' reactions. They may also neglect social niceties like knocking or returning a greeting. Similarly, they may be overly trusting or paranoid of strangers. It may be best summed up as an inability to understand/perceive the intent or emotional wants and needs of others around them. Licensed psychologist Scott Bellini, of Indiana University, has demonstrated that autistic children not only want to develop social relationships, but are actually able to build relationships with peers through social skills training. http://newsinfo.iu.edu/news/page/normal/3715.html People with autism can also be taught how society works according to a study conducted at the university of Haifa, which found that children with autism can use virtual reality simulations to learn about the complex rules of society. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/01/080128113309.htm

Neither source mentions HFA, not about HFA, about autism, and remove vanity entry (we should write about the research, not the researchers). SandyGeorgia (Talk) 22:54, 15 February 2008 (UTC)

Removed from "Epidemiology"

HFA affects far more males than females. The ASD sex ratio, which averages 4.3:1, is greatly modified by cognitive impairment: it may be close to 2:1 with mental retardation and more than 5.5:1 for HFA. Newschaffer CJ, Croen LA, Daniels J; et al. (2007). "The epidemiology of autism spectrum disorders". Annu Rev Public Health. 28: 235–58. doi:10.1146/annurev.publhealth.28.021406.144007. PMID 17367287. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

Not about HFA, about ASD, covered elsewhere. SandyGeorgia (Talk) 22:59, 15 February 2008 (UTC)

Can you at least add all the information you removed to the autism section?. I have autism and KI find the page lacking. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.232.78.52 (talk) 19:47, 16 February 2008 (UTC)

Please.

I am a confirmed HFA person. despite this article being a stub, it deserves much more attention. If possible, please make additional research to expand it, for the sake of me. -pf99 75.166.127.59 (talk) 19:18, 17 July 2009 (UTC)

Unknown name added?

Who is Christain Chandler? His name appears to link to a (now dead) user page. Someone kid adding his own name to pages?

There was a vandal who kept on adding that name to various autism-related pages. Where did you see it? I don't see it on any live pages. -- Soap ^Talk/_{Contributions} 03:00, 28 September 2009 (UTC)

Chandler's a rather infamous guy (he's a manchild, but that's just my opinion) on the Internet. He's not particularly noteworthy but he did write a gigantic autobiography on his userpage when he made an account here. Sky Prower 14:01, 14 October 2009

Copyediting required for latest edit

The parts of the article added by user Amsm141 seem to be in need of some copyediting for coherence. In particular, in the sentence

"It tends to describe people who have many or all of the symptoms of autism but did not develop language typically."

I presume that "typically" should read "atypically." The last sentence in the article listing autistic behaviors also requires editing for clarity.

Copyright problem removed

One or more portions of this article duplicated other source(s). The material was copied from: http://autism.about.com/od/whatisautism/f/whatishfa.htm. Infringing material has been rewritten or removed and must not be restored, unless it is duly released under a compatible license. (For more information, please see "using copyrighted works from others" if you are not the copyright holder of this material, or "donating copyrighted materials" if you are.) For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from other web sites or published material; such additions will be deleted. Contributors may use copyrighted publications as a source of information, but not as a source of sentences or phrases. Accordingly, the material may be rewritten, but only if it does not infringe on the copyright of the original or plagiarize from that source. Please see our guideline on non-free text for how to properly implement limited quotations of copyrighted text. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously, and persistent violators will be blocked from editing. While we appreciate contributions, we must require all contributors to understand and comply with these policies. Thank you. Colin°^Talk 21:15, 6 December 2010 (UTC)

Edit request on 30 August 2012

A person with high-functioning autism usually has average or above average intelligence. The differences from other forms of autism have led many psychiatrists to consider high-functioning autism as similar to or the same as Asperger's syndrome. However, the amount of overlap between HFA and Asperger syndrome is disputed. Some researchers argue that the two are distinct diagnostic entities, others argue that they are indistinguishable.

Though High functioning autism is not an official diagnostic term, it may be used as such. It tends to describe people who have many or all of the symptoms of autism but did not develop language typically.

Generally speaking, doctors prefer to group people with autistic symptoms into discrete diagnostic categories. Rett syndrome and Fragile X syndrome are relatively clearcut disorders, and thus are likely to be correctly diagnosed. Classic autism is also fairly clearcut: Children with classic autism are usually non-verbal, unengaged, and unable to perform well on standard diagnostic tests.

Unlike people with other forms of autism, people with high-functioning autism or Asperger's syndrome want to be involved with others. They simply don't know how to go about it. They may not be able to understand others' emotions. They may not read facial expressions or body language well. As a result, they may be teased and often feel like social outcasts. The unwanted social isolation can lead to anxiety and depression.

Children with classic autism are usually non-verbal, unengaged, and unable to perform well on standard diagnostic tests; however people with high functioning still also demonstrate clearly autistic behaviors. Examples can include, depending upon their age: use of meaningful language, reading, writing, doing mathematics, showing affection, completing daily tasks; but can't hold eye contact, maintain a conversation, engage in play, pick up on social cues, etc. What is the correct diagnosis for such a child? Is it Pervasive Developmental Not Otherwise Specified" (PDD-NOS)? Asperger syndrome? High functioning autism?

PDD-NOS is a catch-all diagnosis. Often understood to mean the same thing as "high functioning autistic," it really incorporates individuals at all function levels whose symptoms don't fully correlate with classic autism. So a PDD-NOS diagnosis may provide some information to parents and teachers but cannot guide treatment.

One useful explanation of the difference between Asperger syndrome and high functioning autism comes from the National Autism Society in the UK. Here's what it says:

• Both people with High-functioning autism and Asperger syndrome are affected by the triad of impairments common to all people with autism.

• Both groups are likely to be of average or above average intelligence.

• The debate as to whether we need two diagnostic terms is ongoing. However, there may be features such as age of onset and motor skill deficits which differentiate the two conditions

• Although it is frustrating to be given a diagnosis which has yet to be clearly defined it is worth remembering that the fundamental presentation of the two conditions is largely the same. This means that treatments, therapies and educational approaches should also be largely similar. At the same time, all people with autism or Asperger syndrome are unique and have their own special skills and abilities. These deserve as much recognition as the areas they have difficulty in.

Citation: Disabled World News (2010-12-04) - Information regarding High Functioning Autism (HFA) in children and adults with autism spectrum disorders: http://www.disabled-world.com/health/neurology/autism/hfa.php#ixzz253r24Lhv

69.227.85.1 (talk) 19:59, 30 August 2012 (UTC)

Not done: Assuming you want the above added to the article—sorry, but it appears to have been lifted verbatim from somewhere else on the Web (>90 Google hits). Even assuming the attribution you provided is to the original source, we cannot add lengthy passages of material unless it carries a compatible license. See Wikipedia:Copyrights for more information. Rivertorch (talk) 06:42, 31 August 2012 (UTC)

Edit request on 28 November 2012

I'd like to add some things to this article translated from the Dutch version (http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoogfunctionerend_autisme )

this is what I want to add;

Attributes with which people with High-Functioning Autism separate theirselves from people with Asperger syndrome are amongst others the following:

• A lower verbal intelligence quotient
• Better visual-spatial skills (higher implementing-IQ) than people with Asperger syndrome
• Less deviating locomotion than people with Asperger syndrome
• People with Asperger syndrome are better at empathizing with another
• People with HFA more often have problems functioning indepedently
• Curiousity and interest for many different things, in contrast to people with Asperger syndrome

SimonKok (talk) 10:44, 28 November 2012 (UTC)

A huge problem is the lack of sources! You need to find reliable sources for all of these differences before we can add them to the article. (I hope you don't mind I edited a bit in your text). Lova Falk talk 11:02, 28 November 2012 (UTC)

Sources, notes and/or references: Bronnen, noten en/of referenties T. Attwood, Is There a Difference Between Asperger's Syndrome and High Functioning Autism? (link: http://www.sacramentoasis.com/docs/8-22-03/as_&_hfa.pdf) Nicole J. Rinehart, John L. Bradshaw, Avril V. Brereton en Bruce J. Tonge, Lateralization in Individuals with High-Functioning Autism and Asperger's Disorder: A Frontostriatal Model, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2002 (link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12199137) Mazefsky CA, Oswald DP, Emotion Perception in Asperger's Syndrome and High-functioning Autism: The Importance of Diagnostic Criteria and Cue Intensity. J Autism Dev Disord. 16 dec. 2006 (link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17180461) — Preceding unsigned comment added by SimonKok (talk • contribs) 12:51, 24 January 2013 (UTC)

Please go ahead and edit. Veel succes! Lova Falk talk 14:16, 26 January 2013 (UTC)

I'm now allowed to (sadface) — Preceding unsigned comment added by SimonKok (talk • contribs) 22:09, 29 January 2013 (UTC)

I guess you mean you are not allowed to? Once your account is four days old and you have made ten edits, you can. Until then, you can suggest the edits you wish to make here on the talk page, and we other editors can insert them for you (if you have good sources etc etc). Lova Falk talk 20:12, 31 January 2013 (UTC)

Yes, I did mean that. Thank you. — Preceding unsigned comment added by SimonKok (talk • contribs) 21:43, 3 February 2013 (UTC)

Edit number four! Six more to go. But I added your text for you. Lova Falk talk 11:06, 4 February 2013 (UTC)

 Done

course assignment

This topic is being edited as an assignment in an undergraduate neurobiology course. The course is participating in the Wikipedia Education Program. The revised article will be posted by March 22, 2013. Please leave any comments on sources or information you would like to see on this topic. Dotterson (talk) 05:14, 18 February 2013 (UTC)

Cool. Please be sure to read WP:MEDRS and rely only on secondary sources. Good luck, and you might want to propose edits here first. Dbrodbeck (talk) 13:53, 18 February 2013 (UTC)

The first draft of the article has been posted. If reviewers have any suggestions, please let us know and we will make the appropriate changes to the article. Thank you!CK3501 (talk) 16:15, 22 March 2013 (UTC)

Secondary Review

The article seemed like it was written and structured well. I would suggest adding a few more wikilinks to the article (particularly in the first half of the article). The treatment and management section I believe can be put together into one section. As well the 4th reference is not cited properly in the references section. Overall, it was a well written and informative article. Daner33 (talk) 01:55, 4 April 2013 (UTC)

Secondary Review

This article looks and sounds like a real Wikiarticle. Great job guys. I would like to add that you should probably link a lot more of your words to other pages. To improve the article, you may also want to add a small history section of the disease. This grounds why the disease is important to study. If you bring up a past case and what that person was specifically living with it will make the reader that much more interested in continuing to read what has changed from then to now in treatments. Linzjay (talk) 21:41, 6 April 2013 (UTC)

Secondary Review

As the other secondary reviewers pointed out, the first thing I would make sure to do is add more Wikilinks. This will really improve the quality of the article. In the introduction, I would change the wording of this sentence "Individuals with HFA or Asperger syndrome exhibit deficits in areas of communication, emotion recognition and expression, and social interaction" to read "Individuals with HFA or Asperger syndrome exhibit deficits in areas of social interaction, including communication as well as emotion recognition and expression." Other than this, I did not recognize any grammatical errors. Overall, very well written! Good job! Bzastrow (talk) 17:58, 7 April 2013 (UTC)

Secondary Review

This is a well written article that is broad in coverage and cohesive, despite the lack of information available out there and the high level of debate surrounding your topic. This article is well written and appears as though it came from one author, which means that you guys did a great job synthesizing your information and keeping it stylistically uniform. There seems to be a good amount of links to other Wikipedia pages, as well as proper incorporation and citation of your secondary research sources. One thing I might consider adding, which seems to be a common challenge for many groups, is an image. Perhaps you could create a graph in Excel that shows the percentage of patients with high-functioning autism as opposed to standard autism diagnosis, or a Venn diagram type image that compares and contrasts the features of high-functioning autism verus standard autism. This seems to be a hot topic in in the Wikipedia community given all the activity on the talk page, so I'm sure that your group's edits won't be the last for this the page. Having said that, your group has created a very well written article without injecting bias or opinion into this highly debated topic that will serve as a great baseline for future additions. Noahgford (talk) 20:57, 8 April 2013 (UTC)

Secondary Review

Overall the article is very well written. There were no grammatical errors that I saw. Also as other reviewers suggested I also believe that you should link some of your words to other pages (if applicable), this would make it easier for the readers to be able to understand some of the terms used more clearly in order to better understand the disease. I really liked the “characterization” section of the article. It is very well written and uses easy terminology, which can be understood by most readers. Overall the article is written very cohesively and provides a lot of in dept information about the disease. --Tayaba.ahmad (talk) 06:06, 8 April 2013 (UTC) tayaba.ahmad

Primary Review

For the most part, this article is very well done! Before going over the 6 criteria, a few quick points. -In the opening sentence, would it possibly be a little more sensitive to use the phrase "people with autism" as opposed to "autistic people"? It looks like this is already taken care of in the rest of the article. -Several other psychiatric/social disorder pages include a section on "society and culture", often with sections on notable cases and advocacy. I would imagine that this would be a section that could be added to this page without too much difficulty, if someone is interested in doing that.

1) Well written - For the most part, the article is very well done in terms of grammar and structure. It comes across just like any wikipedia page should. The information is presented clearly, and in a concise manner. Just a few notes here.

-The second to last bulletpoint under "Characterization" should probably be worded differently. On the last bulletpoint, compared to what? Other forms of Autism?
-When talking about the link between HFA, OCD and serotonin, you could potentially mention what the link is.
-Under "Cause", I don't believe that grey matter is typically capitalized.

2) Verifiable with no original research - I believe that the study by Scheeren, Koot, and Beeger (2012) is original research. Is there a review or meta-analysis that might contain a critique or analysis of this paper? The paper by Atwood is marked as being possibly unreliable. Do you guys know why that may be? Could you possibly find it in a peer reviewed journal as opposed to just an online pdf? I think that would give it a lot more credibility.

3) Broad in coverage - From what I can tell, a broader understanding of HFA is still being developed. Given that, it seems like the article covers enough points to give the reader a good idea about what is currently known about it.

4) Neutral - I'm not sure if the "people with autism" vs. "autistic people" thing falls under here, but I would just take a look into that a little bit. Other than that, everything looks good.

5) Stable - you do not need to evaluate this criteria.

6) Illustrated - Personally, I have no idea where an image would go here. The only thing that I can think of would be if you did decide to add a "notable cases" section, you could have a picture or two under there. Other than that, I have no ideas.

I looked over the review "Psychiatric comorbidities in asperger syndrome and high functioning autism: diagnostic challenges" by Mazzone, Ruta, and Reale. I just had a couple of notes I wanted to ask you guys about. In the section "Characterization" in your article, you state (referencing the review), "Some of these symptoms include depression, bipolar disorder, and obsessive compulsive disorder." Wouldn't it be more accurate to say that HFA has similarities to these disorders, since each of those are disorders themselves, and generally not symptoms of disorders. I think it could also be good to mention the similarities in brain region functioning between HFA and OCD/ anxiety disorders. It is talked about in the review right after the part about serotonin similarities under "internalizing disorders". Finally, would it possibly be a good idea to include something about the section "The role of the environment in the manifestation of psychiatric disorders in AS/HFA"? I think it would supplement the information about serotonin similarities pretty well. Other than that I think you guys did a good job of getting the main point of the article across- that HFA shares a lot of similarities, and is often comorbid with several other disorders. The review is a secondary source, and meets the criteria for use on wikipedia. Nice job! Xc stallion92 (talk) 14:54, 8 April 2013 (UTC)

Thanks for the suggestions Xc stallion92! The following changes were made to the article:

• The wording of the first sentence of the article was changed to be more sensitively phrased.
• The last bullet point of characterization was modified.
• The language of "symptoms" under characterization was clarified for the particular sentence pointed out in your review.
• The capitalization of grey matter was changed.
• The primary article was replaced by a secondary article containing the same study in review.

The changes not made and reasoning behind not making the changes at this time follow:

• The possibility of creating a Society and Culture or Environmental Role heading was considered to be too wide for the scope of our project. These are currently addressed in the Autism or Asperger syndrome pages though such subheadings may become necessary as more research concerning specifically HFA is published.
• In reference to further explaining the physical link between HFA and OCD via serotonin, please note that the connection between HFA and OCD is a correlation but does not necessarily imply causation as of yet. No changes can be made at this time.

We are continuing to look into and hoping to soon resolve the issue with the Atwood Article. Thank you for your valuable suggestions! CK3501 (talk) 17:00, 24 April 2013 (UTC)

Primary Review

This is a good article that provided enough information to understand High-Functioning autism without becoming overwhelmed. In each section the writing was very clear and easy to follow. Someone without a scientific background could easily understand this article. There were no apparent spelling or grammatical errors. However, I also agree that referring to individuals with autism as "autistic" is a bit harsh. I would suggest rewording this phrase.

The list of sources are all secondary and they are cited according to the layout style guideline. Information such as direct quotes and statistics are properly referenced using in-line citations.

This article definitely addresses the main aspects of the topic. There is also never a point in the article that goes into unnecessary detail. However, the structural abnormalities that accompany HFA would seem to fall under the characterization category. I believe Exploring valid theories on the cause of HFA would be a nice addition. The source, "Autism and Aspergers syndrome: an overview" briefly discussed the belief that some vaccinations and diseases may lead to autism.

There are no viewpoints unequally represented in this article. It seems that perspectives are presented without bias.

This article is also very stable, I have yet to see an edit war.

There are no images provided for this article. I understand that HFA cannot necessarily be represented with an image. However, maybe providing an image of the structural abnormalities characteristic of HFA or an MRI brain scan of an individual with this syndrome.

I reviewed the article "Autism and Aspergers syndrome: an overview." This is an acceptable secondary source. Although this source provided very little information on HFA, the information that was provided was cited correctly. The source discussed how the definition of autism has been broaden to include HFA and Aspergers syndrome. Though, there is no clear definition of HFA. The authors briefly mentioned this but there was no explanation of why there is confusion and debate about HFA. Exploring how the distinction of HFA from traditional forms of autism makes it difficult to characterize, should be included in the article. This source also discussed the demographic typically affected by autism and how often it occurs in society. This was mentioned in the Characterization category but including theories the source used to explain why HFA is higher in male's would be a nice addition. Lastly, I think the authors should explicitly state that HFA is not accompanied by mental deficiency's. SewellBio (talk) 23:55, 8 April 2013 (UTC)

Hi SewellBio!

Thanks for your suggestions. In response to your suggestion to change the structural abnormalities from the “causes” section to “characterization”, we believe that the structural abnormalities that accompany HFA (such as abnormalities in the amygdala, superiora temporal sculcus, fusiform, gyrus area and orbitofrontal cortex) could be under “characterization” or “causes”. We decided to keep this under causes because there is little known about what causes HFA. Structural abnormalities in the brain regions mentioned above have been revealed in individuals with HFA compared to typically developing individuals, which indicates that structural abnormalities in specific regions might be a cause of HFA.

We decided not to add a paragraph talking about the possibility that autism is an x-linked genetic condition- making males more vulnerable. The article, “Autism and Asperger syndrome: an overview”, says, there is limited data for making any conclusions at this point so there is no reliable information to back this point. While HFA is not accompanied by mental deficiencies, the article, “autism and Aspergers syndrome: An overview”, states, that 60-70% of individuals with autism have mental retardations. We decided to add this fact to our article like you suggested.

You suggested exploring that the distinction of HFA from traditional forms of autism makes it difficult to characterize should be included. We added another way to characterize HFA from the traditional autism spectrum (above) and we also mentioned this in the first paragraph of the article. We said, “the distinction between HFA and the traditional forms of autism is that people with HFA have an IQ>70.”

You also suggested exploring valid theories on the cause of HFA as an addition. We added a theory on a possible cause of autism. “There is a belief that some vaccinations, such as the MMR or measles/mumps vaccine, may cause autism. This has caused some parents to take their children off of the vaccines and as a result, these diseases can lead to mental retardation or death. The claim that some vaccinations cause autism has not been proven through multiple, large-scale studies conducted in Japan, the United States, and others.”

Thank you for your feedback! We appreciated it and made many of the changes you suggested to make our article better. Gfolan (talk) 04:18, 25 April 2013 (UTC)

Primary Review

This article is of fairly standard quality and does not require major changes to be made. However, there is some potential room for improvement in areas such as phrasing and organization.

Well written - The article is well written in that there are few, if any, grammatical or spelling errors. A few things to consider would be: In the first sentence, the term (IQ>70) is a little ambiguous because of where it is placed. Perhaps rephrase "...deemed to be cognitively "higher functioning" (IQ>70) than other people with autism." Switch the places of the second and third sentences. Sentence 2 says there is no definition of HFA immediately after what appears to be a definition of HFA. Switched with 3 it provides a better transition to the next sentence describing how a concrete definition doesn't exist because it overlaps with Aspergers. The first sentence of the Characterization section says that HFA is characterized by features very similar to Aspergers but does not say what these features are. Listing some of these features here would remove the need to click through to the Aspergers page in order to find out what HFA is actually like.

Verifiable with no original research - All of the sources appear to be secondary and representative of a consensus opinion. Some of the sources are behind pay walls, however, which makes it more difficult to confirm that they are quoted accurately and contextually correct.

Broad in coverage - The article specifically describes what HFA is by describing its relationship to "normal" autism and Aspergers syndrome. It could be a little bit broader by describing some of the common features and symptoms and not expecting that the reader already knows the features and symptoms of "normal" and Asperger type autism.

Neutral - The second sentence of paragraph 2 says some researchers argue HFA and Aspergers are indistinguishable but the rest of the article assumes there are differences with no further references to the researchers who say they are the same.

Illustrated - There are currently no images and there are not many good places to put an image. One image that might be particularly useful would be a diagram of the ways in which HFA is related to "normal" autism and Aspergers. The line about overlap brings to mind a Venn diagram but as there is apparently no clear consensus on the definition, such a diagram probably does not exist.

I reviewed the article "Psychiatric comorbidities in asperger syndrome and high functioning autism: diagnostic challenges." This article examines some of the psychiatric conditions, such as depression and anxiety, that occur in comorbidity with HFA and Asperger Syndrome (AS). It is clearly a secondary source as the data comes from a systematic literature search performed using PubMed. Many studies were examined to find the psychiatric conditions that usually accompany HFA and AS, the tools that can be used to diagnose them and the difficulty in determining whether the psychiatric conditions are a symptom of the autism or are in addition to the autism. One point mentioned in the article but not in the Wiki entry is that while psychiatric conditions are being found in comorbidity with autism, autistic features are being found in comorbidity with psychiatric disorders as well. 3076mengfrp (talk) 16:41, 18 April 2013 (UTC)

• Thank you very much for your input. All of the changes you suggested in the writing section have been changed since they seemed valuable. We also agree with what you said about being broad and neutral and we will look into your suggestions. As far as what you mentioned in the review of the outside article, we feel that the article was well represented in our wiki entry and what you mentioned doesn't necessarily merit adding another section. Thank you again for your suggestions, we will look them all over again and consider each of them to make this a better wiki article! Dotterson (talk) 16:03, 24 April 2013 (UTC)

peer review primary article

In the opening paragraph there are some awkward sentences. For example, "There is no consensus as to the definition" doesn't sound right. This sentence might flow better if it was a little more simple. Perhaps, "There is no consensus on the definition." In the characterization intro I would say psychologists or doctors instead of scientists since those are the people who are diagnosing the child. At first I thought the comparison between HFA and Aspergers was too broad a topic, but after reviewing the sources I see how it is relevant. There are no images with this article, which is understandable since HFA might be hard to represent in an image. All articles are relevant and there is no original research

For the most part the article is well, written. The introductory paragraph has a few awkward sentences that the authors might want to look over and revise. The sentences do not flow well (see above quotation). This can be revised by maybe simplifying the language. Overall subjects are relevant and to the point. The article is neutral in tone, it is unbiased. I specifically reviewed the third source and the authors represented it well. It proved to be a great reference for the article and the authors did a good job supporting it. Birdy1224 (talk) 00:38, 9 April 2013 (UTC)

Hi Birdy1224! We made the change you suggested in the opening paragraph and made some other wording changes that hopefully make the paragraph have a better flow. We also agree with your suggestion to change “scientists or doctors” to “psychologists or doctors” in the characterization intro. This was an appropriate change since the psychologists and doctors are the people who make the diagnosis, not the scientists. We appreciate your feedback! Gfolan (talk) 02:43, 25 April 2013 (UTC)

Secondary Review

I think your article is very professional and presents the information in a clear and readable manner. You stay respectful with your terminology and give the spectrum of autism its just significance to show the differences between the conditions. I felt as though you linked your terminology and cited your sources sufficiently and gave multiple descriptions of the condition to prevent ambiguity or confusion. There is a bit of overlap or possible content that could be merged in the treatment and management sections. You briefly mention a serotonin complication that plays a role in the condition, you might want to expand on that to show a possible cause of the condition. Egreaga (talk) 04:28, 9 April 2013 (UTC)

Faculty review

This article is well written and tackles an important topic. I did some very minor editing. In addition, I added some information on Andrew Wakefield's study on the MMR vaccine which was found fraudulent anad retracted in 2010. I also added a link to the Wikipedia article on the MMR vaccine controversy.

You responded to the reviews but I couldn't find verification of the reliability of the Attwood source. You might be able to eliminate it as a source since I think you only referenced it once along with a number of other references. MMBiology (talk) 18:09, 9 May 2013 (UTC)

Actually it was not found Fraudulent (but other researchers hired by vaccine companies said some methods used where questionable and discredited the research) the cause for regressive autism has not been proven. Active research as also won court cases in which VACCINES where found to lower the mental condition of children. Some of which where diagnoses with regressive autism. The apparent cause where MMR and other types of vaccines. I suggest before saying vaccines are 100% safe you do research in their side effects vs benefits and also smoking did not cause cancer for 30 years. How many years will certain vaccines not cause regressive autism? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.87.121.58 (talk) 06:27, 27 December 2013 (UTC)

Criticism

I'm not sure how to word it in a way that would work in a Wikipedia article, but arguments against the term should be included. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.175.42.110 (talk) 04:58, 29 January 2014 (UTC)

Merge with other autism articles

The following discussion is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

---

Given that the distinction of "high-functioning autism" from other parts of the spectrum is arbitrary and meaningless, not to mention harmful, this article should be deleted, with any useful content merged into either the autism or Asperger syndrome articles. Muffinator (talk) 22:06, 6 July 2014 (UTC)

• Oppose Do we have a ref saying they are the same? Doc James (talk · contribs · email) (if I write on your page reply on mine) 03:08, 7 July 2014 (UTC)

• I question whether that is where the burden of proof lies. Do we have a ref saying they are different? Muffinator (talk) 19:42, 8 July 2014 (UTC)

From my understanding, the U.S. medical consensus up until the DSM-V, and the international medical consensus, is that the difference between HFA and AS is that HFA has a significant language development impairment, where AS does not. What separates them both from more severe autism is the individual's ability to get along successfully in society without a lot of intervention. Question for Muffinator: If you want to merge this article, why do you propose to keep the AS article, which has been removed as a diagnosis from the DSM? What makes this article less appropriate to WP than the AS article? FTR, I support keeping the AS, HFA, and Autism articles, but I could be persuaded by arguments. Eflatmajor7th (talk) 05:49, 9 July 2014 (UTC)

I did not propose either keeping the Asperger syndrome article or deleting it. If there is a reason to delete it, that can be proposed and discussed on Talk:Asperger syndrome, otherwise the default action is to keep it. Before the "autism spectrum" consolidation, the diagnostic criteria for HFA and Asperger's were much more similar to each other than other autism spectrum diagnoses. Muffinator (talk) 06:31, 9 July 2014 (UTC)

• Oppose. Reliable sources within the article mention it by name and delineate its distinctness. --Holdek (talk) 17:33, 12 July 2014 (UTC)
• Oppose It is a diagnostic entity and appears in literature. Its use may become historical but doesn't change that. It never was the same as AS: the DSM-V has decided the difference is not clinically useful. -- Colin°^Talk 09:11, 25 July 2014 (UTC)
• Oppose Colin summed up my thoughts nicely. Dbrodbeck (talk) 12:51, 27 July 2014 (UTC)
• Support This article has a problem with definitions. It defines HFA as autism with normal intelligence and cites an article in Portuguese as a reference. I do not read Portuguese and cannot verify the source; I suspect that it may be an issue with the translation. However, as a mental health professional, I can tell you that High Functioning Autism general refers to having a less severe level of impairment on the autism spectrum. As autism and mental retardation are not related directly, the overlap in the population is less than a majority of people with either condition; I have conceptual problems with the term as defined in the article. Hence, I propose that this article be deleted and HFA be redirected to the Asperger's article.Dstern1 (talk) 21:41, 29 July 2014 (UTC)
• Oppose The article definitely needs clean up, but that doesn't change the historical or even current usage of the term. Wikipedia is not a manual of psychology and doesn't need to reflect current trends. If the term is ever found to be purely historical it will be enough to add a note to that effect. On the other hand, the citation in portuguese is innapropriate even independently of the difficulty editors of the english wikipedia article will have in reading it. If there really is any consensus that "HFA is not accompanied with mental retardation. This characteristic distinguishes HFA from the autism spectrum; 60-70% of individuals with autism also have mental retardation", then a citation in english should be easy to find, so there is no excuse for a foreign language citation in this case. Comiscuous 3:50 AM, August 5, 2014 (UTC).

I agreee that the article is highly flawed. I also agree that the English language Wikipedia should not be relying on a foreign language reference. As I noted below, I have been searching for a reference in English which defines HFA as "without MR;" I have found nothing. My thought is that the article needs to be deleted, the term "High Functioning Autism" needs to redirected to the Asperger's article, and the portions of value could be attached to the Asperger's article. In the alternative, the article could be given a new title which more accurately defines its content accompanied by a huge clean-up.Dstern1 (talk) 15:59, 6 August 2014 (UTC)

This is when I have to make a correction. The 2nd reference defining HFA was not available in any of the libraries in which I have access; I asked a librarian to request the article by Interlibrary Loan and it arrived today. Indeed, the journal article defines HFA as stated in the WP entry. Never-the-less, my opinion has not changed. The definition used for HFA is not commonly used in professional literature. I stand by my suggestions above.--Dstern1 (talk) 02:31, 7 August 2014 (UTC)

I replaced the citation in Portuguese with one in English [1] to support the claim that HFA is autism with IQ > 70. I also found another reference that states about half of autistics also have mental retardation [2]. CatPath (talk) 22:27, 9 August 2014 (UTC)

The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

Citation error and definition problem

The term "High-functioning autism" is not well defined. Until reading the Wikipedia entry, I had never heard of the term to mean "autism without mental retardation." It usually means less impairment than most on the autism spectrum. This article cites a Portuguese language journal for the definition. I was initially frustrated as I do not read Portuguese but I have been fortunate to obtain an English translation. The journal article as translated never uses the term "High Functioning Autism." It differentiates between people with autism and mental retardation and without MR. Unquestionably, people without MR are functioning on a higher level than those with MR. But the cited article does not report upon less impaired people with autism per se.Dstern1 (talk) 01:12, 31 July 2014 (UTC)

I looked over the paper. It does not compare Asperger's and high-functioning autism (HFA), so I replaced the reference in the second paragraph in the lead [3]. However, the Epidemiology section of the paper does mention that "autism without mental retardation" is referred to as HFA, so I left the citation following the first sentence untouched. If there are no objections, I will remove the "unverified" tag. CatPath (talk) 23:09, 2 August 2014 (UTC)

It could be that that the English language translation I obtained is different in word choice than the version you located; I may be making an incorrect assumption that you do not read Portuguese. Actually, in my very limited spare time, I have been searching for an English language reference that defines HFA as in the Wikipedia entry. So far, I have found nothing. Hence, I would prefer that the tag remain for now. I shall be posting what I find in the very near future.Dstern1 (talk) 15:44, 6 August 2014 (UTC)

I don't read Portuguese. The English language version that I found is here: [4] [5]. You have to download the pdf file from this site to get the English translation. I assume that this is the journal's official translation since the file is linked to their site. I would count this as a reliable source since the author of the review paper has other publications in some of the elite scientific journals (e.g., Nature, PNAS) [6]. Nevertheless, as I detailed in the previous section, I went ahead and found other sources to support the disputed claims (see previous section for details). CatPath (talk) 22:57, 9 August 2014 (UTC)

I withdraw my objection to removing the "unverified" tag. I still object to the terminology but I cannot say that the terminology is not supported in literature.--Dstern1 (talk) 03:28, 16 August 2014 (UTC)

Crime and Autism

The article states. "Several other comorbidities associated with HFA are external. These external symptoms include ADHD, Tourette Syndrome, and criminal behavior."

There are millions of people with autism who have no criminal inclination. People with autism tend to avoid conflict and to follow the rules. I think what this article says is a huge over simplification and is very misleading. Some people with autism participate in criminal behavior but this does not mean that crime is a symptom of autism. A high percentage of people with HFA have ADHD and a very low percentage of people with autism commit crimes. This would be like saying "the external symptoms of being male" include having a deep voice, a beard, driving fast cars and committing murder. There may be some link but I don't like those two sentences.

+With all due respect, I think it's obvious to rely as fact that crime and autism are relative to situation/circumstance and autism. If a genius is given a computer, is given adequate (situational) motivation, and opportunity, he or she may commit a crime. The relation to autism and HFA in this context is coincidental. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.20.102.245 (talk) 20:44, 8 August 2014 (UTC)

Whether we like it or not is not really an issue. It is a referenced statement, from page 5 of reference 11. Dbrodbeck (talk) 20:59, 8 August 2014 (UTC)

I think if one of the references made such as mundane fallacy as post hoc ergo proctor hoc then we have to consider whether it is a reliable source. Muffinator (talk) 21:41, 8 August 2014 (UTC)

It is a review article in the Annals of General Psychiatry. It meets WP:MEDRS [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3416662/[ Dbrodbeck (talk) 22:32, 8 August 2014 (UTC)

WP:MEDRS doesn't really apply here. We have to look at the more general WP:RS. Muffinator (talk) 23:50, 8 August 2014 (UTC)

Please explain how MEDRS does not apply on an article about a medical condition. Dbrodbeck (talk) 00:14, 9 August 2014 (UTC)

It's not a medical condition. Explanation: Check. Muffinator (talk) 00:17, 9 August 2014 (UTC)

'This article is within the scope of WikiProject Medicine, which recommends that this article follow the Manual of Style for medicine-related articles and use high-quality medical sources. Please visit the project page for details or ask questions at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Medicine.'. Your view is in the minority. It is a medical condition, hence it being discussed in, say the Annals of General Psychiatry. Dbrodbeck (talk) 00:19, 9 August 2014 (UTC)

Concur that WP:MEDRS applies in this instance. But in any case the source in question in a RS whichever way you look at it. Alexbrn ^{talk|contribs|COI} 02:32, 9 August 2014 (UTC)

This is a medical topic and MEDRS applies. 92.41.80.253 (talk) 05:28, 9 August 2014 (UTC)

Concur that this is a medical issue and that both WP:MEDRS and WP:RS apply here. Stuartyeates (talk) 07:59, 9 August 2014 (UTC)

The fact that WikiProject Medicine watches this article is not a statement of information about the subject. It simply means that some editors who are in that project take an interest. If I were a member of that project, I would probably argue on the project talk page that this isn't really relevant, but I'm not, so it's not my prerogative to dictate where they're allowed to put their tracking banners. The topic of autism is neurological, psychological, and sociological, but obviously not medical. Muffinator (talk) 20:17, 9 August 2014 (UTC)

It seems, however, that you are, currently, a minority of one. It is perhaps, obviously not medical to you, but again, you are in the minority. Move on, the paper is both a RS and MEDRS compliant. Dbrodbeck (talk) 20:45, 9 August 2014 (UTC)

I just say argumentum ad populum to all of this. You haven't actually provided a justification for your positive claim. Muffinator (talk) 22:25, 9 August 2014 (UTC)

And I say, go read WP:CONSENSUS. Removing the reference would require some justification. Dbrodbeck (talk) 22:49, 9 August 2014 (UTC)

I don't think consensus means what you think it means. The summary of determining consensus states: "Consensus is ascertained by the quality of the arguments given on the various sides of an issue, as viewed through the lens of Wikipedia policy." I see your WP:CONSENSUS and raise you a WP:NOTDEMOCRACY. Muffinator (talk) 23:14, 9 August 2014 (UTC)

Yup MEDMOS and MEDRS apply as this is indeed a mental illness as it is in the DSM. Doc James (talk · contribs · email) (if I write on your page reply on mine) 23:21, 9 August 2014 (UTC)

Yes, just the DSM by itself would easily be authoritative enough to have Wikipedia unequivocally categorise HFA as a disease or disorder, and that's even before getting to the hundreds and hundreds of medical journal articles covering the topic. Even the autism advocacy organization Autism Speaks understands that HFA is a disorder that can be diagnosed. So, we understand that consensus can only be built on arguments using high-quality sourcing, but as we have tons available, the conclusion is clear. Zad68 01:56, 10 August 2014 (UTC)

The DSM doesn't even mention HFA. It prescribes diagnosis of "autism spectrum disorder" on a severity scale. Autism Speaks, as a hate group, is not remotely a reliable source. The "hundreds and hundreds" are the argument you want to stick with. Muffinator (talk) 03:27, 10 August 2014 (UTC)

"hate group" is a very interesting characterization. This is actually the first time I have ever run across the perspective that autism isn't a disorder or disease or that a well known and successful advocacy organization is a "hate group." Still I think you're the one with the uphill battle here, literally hundreds of medical textbooks characterize it as a disorder. Zad68 04:15, 10 August 2014 (UTC)

Move over, Muffinator, you're now a minority of two. I'm not autistic, but I'm interested. I wouldn't use the term "hate group" about Autism Speaks, but "high functioning" adult autistics generally do hate the organization. It actively excludes adult autistics (at least "high functioning" ones). It organizes (and pities) parents/families of autistic children (they are burdens, they are tragedies) and it's looking for a "cure", something that many/most adult autistics see as unrealistic/undesirable. It promotes its idea of awareness while the adults want to promote acceptance. (The Boycott Autism Speaks page on Facebook has a few thousand "likes".)

Our article Autism Speaks (which I'm sure the organization keeps tabs on) does in fact have a "Controversies" section. Read it, especially the first and last sub-sections.

I really think the medical activists here ought to read some blogs by adult autistics. They need to be heard. They deserve to be heard. Autism rights movement is a good read, too. A friend of mine blogged about autism in the new DSM back in September. She was very pleased with a lot of what it includes in the official criteria, for example "Hyper- or hyporeactivity to sensory input or unusual interest in sensory aspects of the environment (e.g., apparent indifference to pain/temperature, adverse response to specific sounds or textures, excessive smelling or touching of objects, visual fascination with lights or movement)." This may be present but isn't necessarily present for a diagnosis.

But the DSM claiming that a condition belongs there doesn't make the person a mental case nor even a medical case, IMO, and I think I'm representative of a lot of our readers in that regard. (Homosexuals were there not so long ago, after all.) Are people with the following conditions really mentally ill: stuttering, various tic disorders, narcolepsy, circadian rhythm disorders, sleepwalking, caffeine withdrawal as well as "caffeine use disorder", for pete's sake? These are not diseases. Disorders perhaps. But really conditions.

I'd just ask you to listen to Muffinator and other autistics who might dare to participate here and strive for compromises on this subject matter. Autists themselves should be heard. --Hordaland (talk) 15:49, 10 August 2014 (UTC)

I wasn't aware Muffinator was autistic. The difficulty is that, by design, Wikipedia articles are "behind the times." If there's a new movement gaining traction promoting the idea that autism is not a disorder or disease, Wikipedia will catch up to that if and when that becomes the prominent, widely-accepted viewpoint. Until then Wikipedia articles will reflect the general consensus that autism is a disorder (with no offense meant to those it might affect personally). The view of homosexuality is a good parallel. For a long time the DSM did classify it as a disorder, but no longer. If the same thing happens with autism, Wikipedia will reflect that, but not until then... Wikipedia will be one of the last to reflect that if it does happen. Zad68 15:58, 10 August 2014 (UTC)

At the risk of further violating WP:NOTFORUM, I'd like to clarify (since I don't think there's a better place to do it) that I have not made any statements about what my own neurology is like. You may form your own conclusions based on my article contributions and statements made on talk pages, but I will not confirm or deny them. In fact, I have a userbox on my user page stating that I purposefully withhold this sort of information. This also applies to gender, religion, sexuality, etc. Only people who know me in meatspace can out me. Muffinator (talk) 22:06, 10 August 2014 (UTC)

I have apologized (weakly) on Muffinator's talk page and asked her/him to clarify on her/his user page why it says "This user is autistic" 3 times there, so that others don't make the same assumption as I did. --Hordaland (talk) 17:37, 11 August 2014 (UTC)

Wikipedia is not the place for advocacy for any group, righting great wrongs, etc. The article is on a medical topic no matter how someone wants to spin it, so WP:MEDRS applies. As far as that topic goes, no amount of discussion is going to change that, so that topic should be snowballed. Beyond that, the source is a secondary one, and it says what it says. Anything beyond that is off topic. If content is not going to be discussed anymore, best to close the conversation. Kingofaces43 (talk) 17:47, 10 August 2014 (UTC)

Suicide rates

Is it as important as I was led to believe? 74.248.55.174 (talk) 11:57, 12 August 2014 (UTC)

I don't see anything in the article, but I may be missing it. Dbrodbeck (talk) 16:30, 12 August 2014 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 6 February 2015

As someone who has lived wih high functioning autism for 50 years, I am deeply offended by the constant perpetuation of this myth that people with autism lack empathy. They lack cognitive understanding of some social behaviours, and may have difficulty in expressing their emotions, but they feel even greater levels of sensitivity to the feelings of others than the general population. In terms of emotional empathy, recent research using MRI scans of brain activity has show that the emotional response of autistic individuals to pain and suffering in others is equal to that of anyone else. A major difficulty for some people with HFA is oversensitivity, and inability to control their emotional responses.

Please could you add the following references to your article, and correct the information about empathy using the following refernces. Many thanks.

Emotional contagion for pain is intact in autism spectrum disorders http://www.nature.com/tp/journal/v4/n1/full/tp2013113a.html

http://www.researchgate.net/publication/5856769_Dissociation_of_cognitive_and_emotional_empathy_in_adults_with_Asperger_syndrome_using_the_Multifaceted_Empathy_Test_%28MET%29 81.129.51.130 (talk) 10:07, 6 February 2015 (UTC)

Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format. Please could you add the following references to your article, and correct the information about empathy using the following refernces. is not acceptable and has been rejected. I'm sorry you are offended by this article and I'm sure someone would be happy to help you make changes assuming you do not want to create and account and become autoconfirmed to make changes yourself if you would please be very specific about what you want changed by specifying the section for the change, the text to be changed (X), and the replacement text that you want added to the article (Y). Thank you. — {{U|Technical 13}} (e • t • c) 23:03, 10 February 2015 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 4 September 2015

Main article: MMR vaccine controversy

There is a belief that some vaccinations, such as the MMR or the measles/mumps vaccine, may cause autism. This was based on a research study published by Andrew Wakefield, which has been determined fraudulent and retracted. The results of this study caused some parents to take their children off the vaccines; these diseases can cause intellectual disabilities or death. The claim that some vaccinations cause autism has been proven through multiple large-scale studies conducted in Japan, the United States, and other countries. 184.101.245.184 (talk) 00:04, 4 September 2015 (UTC)

Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. Stickee (talk) 00:34, 4 September 2015 (UTC)

"on spectrum"

Use "on spectrum". HFA and Asperger's Syndrome are indistinguishable, in my humble opinion. And this page, along with the Asperger's page, should be combined with the Autism page. This page is particularly inaccurate and needs very serious work. I understand that this is a young science, so let's not get ahead of it. I have to be careful how I label myself because of Wikipedia. What do I tell people that do not have knowledge? There is to much misinformation out there, Wikipedia included - and possibly especially.

And there is not enough information about comorbidity and the fact that every person on spectrum IS DIFFERENT!

DSM V groups Autism disorders/syndromes together and assigns them levels. Then there is the added label of age of diagnosis.

There are too many pages relating to being on spectrum. Let us please combine them! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 109.80.155.42 (talk) 01:42, 19 January 2016 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 17 June 2016

Because I have proposed to merge the Asperger syndrome article into this article, the merge from template should be added. 67.166.200.75 (talk) 18:02, 17 June 2016 (UTC)

Done — Andy W. (talk · ctb) 23:13, 17 June 2016 (UTC)

Merge discussion

The following discussion is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section. A summary of the conclusions reached follows.

The result of this discussion was Not merged. Other than the IP who proposed merging, everyone else is opposed to merging Asperger syndrome into this article. (non-admin closure)--Lemongirl942 (talk) 16:29, 24 November 2016 (UTC)

---

The IP (above) proposed the merger. Discuss here. — Andy W. (talk · ctb) 23:17, 17 June 2016 (UTC)

• strong oppose Andy Dingley (talk) 23:44, 17 June 2016 (UTC)
• Strong oppose and it is disruptive to tag a featured article for merger, since a Featured article can only "go away" via a Featured article review. Furthermore, this discussion has been had many times, for instance, at Talk:Asperger_syndrome/Archive_24#Merging_Page_With_Autism. SandyGeorgia (Talk) 23:38, 17 June 2016 (UTC)
• Strong Oppose as noted, this has been discussed many times. Let's move on. Dbrodbeck (talk) 00:54, 18 June 2016 (UTC)
• Just so you know, I proposed the merge because Hans Asperger's Nazi ties have been revealed and Wikipedia has changed most other medical terms with Nazi ties to their new names. --73.137.106.72 (talk) 14:00, 18 June 2016 (UTC)

The claims of Nazi ties you mention are actually under quite a bit of dispute. TheDracologist (talk) 01:00, 25 October 2016 (UTC)

• Oppose Asperger' syndrome has a long history in the literature and is still the most commonly used term. It might be reasonable to merge high-functioning autism into Asperger syndrome though.Doc James (talk · contribs · email) 19:17, 18 June 2016 (UTC)
• Strong Oppose Asperger's Syndrome is a term that is still commonly used in conversation and literature. The term may have been coined by a man with Nazi ties, but that doesn't make it less significant or useful. TheDracologist (talk) 08:02, 23 October 2016 (UTC)

Should this discussion be closed? It's been months and there's no support for the merger. TheDracologist (talk) 04:12, 25 October 2016 (UTC)

The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

Semi-protected edit request on 2 July 2016

I suggest for you to remove the following information about criminal activities and behavior. It is highly offensive and not at all representative of this population. If you don't remove it, I think you should balance it with data and studies that indicate the likelihood of HFA individuals to be victimized by crime or police, as opposed to being perpetrators.

Additionally, I recommend the following bold edits to the treatment section.

Extended content

Treatment Treatments for HFA address individual symptoms, rather than the condition as a whole. For instance, to treat anxiety, which is often associated with HFA, the main treatment iscognitive behavior therapy. While this is the tested and approved treatment for anxiety, it does not quite meet the needs associated with the symptoms of HFA. There is very little discussion[citation needed] of the parent's role in anxiety intervention for children and teenagers. A revised version of cognitive behavior therapy has parents and teachers acting in a role as social coaches to help the children or young adults cope with the issues they are facing. There have been several trials proving that the involvement of parents in the lives of the children affected with anxiety associated with HFA is important.[9] No single intervention exists to aid individuals with high-functioning autism. However, there are a number of therapies that are highly effective in treating HFA. They include the following: • Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA) is one of the most widely used and effective autism therapies. The therapy teaches a variety of life, behavioral and self-regulation skills through explicit instruction methods and consistent behavioral rewards. • Speech and language therapy can improve the pragmatic language (social communication), receptive language (understanding of language) and expressive language (ability to verbalize thoughts and ideas) as well as articulation (speech intelligibility) of individuals with HFA. • Occupational therapy is commonly used to treat sensory dysfunction, fine- and gross-motor skills and self-regulation issues. It can be highly effective, especially when therapy begins under the age of 5. • Social skills therapies range from 1:1 therapy, to social skills groups that focus on basic social skills (eye contact, greetings, play skills) and social thinking therapy that emphasizes how to understand others’ perspectives • Special education programs that provide instruction and accommodations for autism can enable individuals with HFA to better access school curricula and mainstream successfully with their neuro-typical peers. This can ultimately improve their academic learning and functional independence in life. There are numerous other effective therapies for autism. For more information, visit - https://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/treatment Additionally proactive strategies, such as self care and self-management, designed to maintain or change behavior to make living with high functioning autism easier. Self-management strategies aim to provide skills necessary to self-regulate behavior, leading to greater levels of independence. Improving self-management skills allows the individual to be more self-reliant rather than having to rely on an external source for supervision or control. Self-monitoring is a framework, not a rigid structure, designed to encourage independence and self-control. Self-monitoring is not for everyone. It requires the attention and dedication of the individual with high-functioning autism as well as the individual overseeing the progress. A framework for self-monitoring is provided below • Identify positive target behaviors • Establish an alternative behavior that is positive/constructive • Establish a self-recording sheet • Individuals can make sure to stay on track with intended goals • Set goals and keep them The goal of self-monitoring is to enforce self-monitoring independently without prompting.[15]

— Preceding unsigned comment added by Wiknew29 (talk • contribs) 14:45, 2 July 2016 (UTC)

Not done: please establish a consensus for this alteration before using the {{edit semi-protected}} template. — JJMC89 (T·C) 17:01, 2 July 2016 (UTC)

References

Semi-protected edit request on 25 October 2016

Change:

several studies have shown that the features associated with HFA may increase the possibility of engaging in criminal behavior.

To:

several studies have shown that the features associated with HFA may increase the probability of engaging in criminal behavior.

Reason:

I believe probability is a better word for what they are trying to say here.

TheDracologist (talk) 01:19, 25 October 2016 (UTC)

Done Jackmcbarn (talk) 02:57, 25 October 2016 (UTC)

Deeply Problematical

This whole article is deeply problematical. There is no reference to HFA now being widely disparaged as a term, at best obsolete. Equally there is no discussion of historical tendencies to use it abusively, with verbal autistics assigned as high functioning, and non-verbal autistics overwhelmingly assigned as low functioning, with educational resources and expectations assigned accordingly. Add some communications facilitation and people who previously faced low functioning labels turn out to be some of the autism community's most eloquent self-advocates. My recommendation: ask for help from the #ActuallyAutistic community to rewrite this into an acceptable format. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.11.64.250 (talk) 21:20, 14 August 2017 (UTC)

It would be really helpful if you could concrete suggestions for wording changes or additional wording, backed up by reliable sources. Rivertorch^FIRE_WATER 21:28, 14 August 2017 (UTC)

false information on this page

I don't have the time to research references but there is a lot of false or misleading information on this page. Asperger syndrome was folded into the autism spectrum. The page differentiates and tries to make distinctions between the symptoms of high functioning autism and aspergers syndrome. Like which is worse and which is better. From what I have read autism is a wide spectrum and some people have different types of disabilities and levels of disability. Statements like: "People with HFA have a lower verbal reasoning ability (than Aspergers syndrome)" sound completely made up to me. There is also an article on wikipedia about "pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified" Parts of that article contradict this one.

The assumption in the artical is that Aspergers syndrome is a narrow diagnosis where everyone has the same or near the same symptoms. A lot of people were diagnosed with Aspergers and my understanding is they can have a very wide range of abilities or disabilities. There is probably even more variation for high functioning autism. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 174.29.30.102 (talk) 15:01, 18 March 2018 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 31 October 2018

this is incorrect beacuse i have hfa this is not true 184.177.166.253 (talk) 16:36, 31 October 2018 (UTC)

 Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. Cannolis (talk) 20:57, 31 October 2018 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 21 March 2019

Jaimiesusan (talk) 19:26, 21 March 2019 (UTC)

Characterization

•Great at spelling, poor at comprehension due to high IQ but low communication skills •Poor understanding of verbal instructions •More sensitive to sound, so maybe good at music but struggle with people eating •In younger children, HFA is often misdiagnosed as anxiety •HFA is generally diagnosed in older children (due to the high IQ) as opposed to Autism which is diagnosed in younger children •Due to the high IQ children can often get by at school and not qualify for an IEP in the USA public school system, but will qualify for a 504 plan.

Cause

The link between HFA and genetics is currently the subject of several scientific studies.

Diagnosis

ADOS testing is very helpful in uncovering HFA.

Treatment

CBT for the treatment of anxiety involves social communication and verbal reasoning, skills which many with HFA don't have.

ABA and OT services can be helpful in treating the symptoms of HFA.

Asperger Syndrome and High Functioning Autism Association for further information. [7]

 Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate. ‑‑ElHef (Meep?) 20:12, 21 March 2019 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 21 March 2019

— Preceding unsigned comment added by Jaimiesusan (talk • contribs)

 Note: Article text removed from talk page. ‑‑ElHef (Meep?) 22:07, 21 March 2019 (UTC)

Please do not copy article text to the talk page. It is very difficult to see the requested changes. Please make a specific request in a "Change X to Y" format. ‑‑ElHef (Meep?) 22:07, 21 March 2019 (UTC)

Orphaned references in High-functioning autism

I check pages listed in Category:Pages with incorrect ref formatting to try to fix reference errors. One of the things I do is look for content for orphaned references in wikilinked articles. I have found content for some of High-functioning autism's orphans, the problem is that I found more than one version. I can't determine which (if any) is correct for this article, so I am asking for a sentient editor to look it over and copy the correct ref content into this article.

Reference named "DSM5":

• From Fugue state: American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5. Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Association. ISBN 9780890425541.
• From Eating disorder: American Psychiatry Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing. pp. 329–354. ISBN 978-0-89042-555-8.
• From Phobia: American Psychiatric Association (2013), Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.), Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing, pp. 190, 197–202, ISBN 978-0890425558
• From Posttraumatic stress disorder: American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing. pp. 271–280. ISBN 978-0-89042-555-8.
• From Trichotillomania: American Psychiatric Association (2013), Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.), Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing, pp. 217–221, 938, ISBN 0890425558
• From Obsessive–compulsive disorder: Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 (5 ed.). Washington: American Psychiatric Publishing. 2013. pp. 237–242. ISBN 978-0-89042-555-8.
• From Major depressive disorder: American Psychiatric Association (2013), Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.), Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing, pp. 160–68, ISBN 978-0-89042-555-8, archived from the original on 31 July 2016, retrieved 22 July 2016 {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
• From Tourette syndrome: "Tourette's Disorder, 307.23 (F95.2)". Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 2013, Fifth edition. American Psychiatric Association, p. 81.
• From Autism: Autism Spectrum Disorder, 299.00 (F84.0). In: American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. American Psychiatric Publishing; 2013.
• From Pragmatic language impairment: "Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder" (PDF). Retrieved September 28, 2013.
• From Olfactory reference syndrome: Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5. Arlington, VA: Amer. Psychiatric Pub. Incorporated. 2013. pp. 263–264, 837. ISBN 978-0-89042-554-1.
• From Dysthymia: American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, Fifth Edition. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing. ISBN 978-0-89042-554-1.
• From Cyclothymia: American Psychiatric Association (2013), Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.), Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing, pp. 139–141, ISBN 978-0890425558
• From Anxiety: American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing. pp. 189–195. ISBN 978-0-89042-555-8.
• From Agoraphobia: American Psychiatric Association (2013), Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.), Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing, pp. 217–221, 938, ISBN 978-0890425558
• From Panic disorder: American Psychiatric Association (2013), Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.), Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing, pp. 208–217, 938, ISBN 978-0890425558
• From Postpartum depression: American Psychiatric Association (2013), Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.), Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing, p. 186, ISBN 978-0890425558, archived from the original on 2017-10-25 {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
• From Dissociative identity disorder: American Psychiatric Association (2013), Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.), Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing, pp. 291–298, ISBN 978-0890425558
• From Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor: American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing. p. 449. ISBN 978-0-89042-555-8.
• From Depersonalization disorder: American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). American Psychiatric Publishing. p. 620. ISBN 978-0-89042-557-2. Archived from the original on 28 April 2018. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
• From Bulimia nervosa: American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing. pp. 345–349. ISBN 978-0-89042-555-8.
• From Anxiety disorder: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersAmerican Psychiatric Associati (5th ed.). Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing. 2013. pp. 189–195. ISBN 978-0890425558.
• From Autism spectrum: American Psychiatric Association (2013). "Autism Spectrum Disorder. 299.00 (F84.0)". Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing. pp. 50–59. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596. ISBN 978-0-89042-559-6.
• From Dementia: Association, American Psychiatric (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 (5th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. pp. 591–603. ISBN 978-0-89042-554-1.
• From Bipolar disorder: American Psychiatry Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing. pp. 123–154. ISBN 978-0-89042-555-8.
• From Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.). Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing. pp. 59–65. ISBN 978-0-89042-555-8.

I apologize if any of the above are effectively identical; I am just a simple computer program, so I can't determine whether minor differences are significant or not. AnomieBOT⚡ 06:33, 24 May 2019 (UTC)

Association with criminal offending

As far as I know, autism spectrum disorders are not associated with an increased prevalence of criminal behavior. There have been several studies on this topic, some finding slightly increased, some finding slightly decreased prevalence compared to controls. I don't think they specially focused on HFA but in part they focus on Asperger Syndrome, which is almost the same. What, as I remember, was noted, is that criminal offenders on the spectrum are often arrested for unusual offenses that have to do either with their social awkwardness, sensory processing or special interests. E.g. inappropriately touching girls in order to befriend with them (= sexual harassment or possibly child abuse), throwing a violent meltdown against someone causing injury (= bodily harm), or setting a building on fire by accident while making 'chemical experiments' (= arson). Those who camouflage their autism with extensive social mimicry may get manipulated by others to become complicit in a crime. In addition, autistic offenders may have difficulty explaining the reason for their behavior, so that an unintentional (or thoughtless) wrongdoing might be mistaken for an intentional one. And their lack of cognitive empathy alongside fixation on details can make them appear much more cold-hearted in court than they really are, warranting hard punishment.

In summary, the conclusions are like: Autistic individuals are likely not more often criminals than non-autistic individuals, but if they commit major offenses, their weird behavior tends to make people more afraid of them. Once in prison or forensic psychiatric ward, autistic offenders are themselves more likely to get victimized by fellow inmates and staff, which has the potential of making them more dangerous individuals than they were to begin with. --2003:E7:7727:B678:1495:47C1:5F30:F615 (talk) 00:35, 1 June 2019 (UTC)

eloping is an autism related problematic behavior???!? Vandalism?

In the Applied behavioral analysis (ABA) section, it says, "ABA focuses on...diminishing problematic behaviors like eloping or self-injury", but while eloping might be considered a "problematic behavior" in various people, the reference cited for that statement (Self-Injury in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability: Exploring the Role of Reactivity to Pain and Sensory Input) doesn't contain any mention of eloping. I wonder if someone just added eloping into that statement because they personally thought it's a problem? UnderEducatedGeezer (talk) 09:50, 20 November 2019 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 29 January 2021

i would like to edit the high functioning and low functioning pages on autism please Grass 123greeny (talk) 21:34, 29 January 2021 (UTC)

 Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate. This template is not used to request permission to edit a page; instead, outline the changes you would like to make here and another editor may add them if they follow our guidelines. Pupsterlove02 talk • contribs 01:03, 30 January 2021 (UTC)

High Functioning Is An Incorrect Term

First of all, low functioning means “cannot function on their own” not “intellectual disability”. Also, functioning labels are solely defined by how our (autistics people’s) autism affects neurotypicals. You have no idea how hard we have worked to get here. Also functioning labels can change at any time, and vary depending on the skill set. Imagine how dehumanizing it is to have your disability defined by how it upsets and inconveniences others. I recommend you delete this offensive page. — Preceding unsigned comment added by AutismGeek (talk • contribs) 20:19, 15 June 2021 (UTC)

Do you have any reliable medical sources to support your claims? EDIT: Also, those concerns literally appear in the final section of the article body. The problem is that we cannot decide how to name certain things because some terms are "incorrect". We can only go so far as to side with the mainstream. On the other hand, there was a time that an encyclopedia could get away with an article titled "mental retardation". Was it incorrect then? Perhaps, but it was the dominant name for an intellectual disability in medical literature. The same thing may eventually happen to the functioning labels of autism, but for now, the labels are here to stay. In the meantime, feel free to improve and expand the Criticism section. FreeMediaKid$ 19:09, 23 June 2021 (UTC)

It's actually preferred by the "mainstream" to use -support labels instead of -functioning labels and a perspective on that is here: https://themighty.com/2018/07/autism-functioning-labels-low-functioning-high-functioning/ . So this page would be renamed "Low-support Autism" or "Low-support Needs Autism". And a reliable medical source is here: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1362361319852831 . It's a research article, published by Sage Publishing and written by people from the Telethon Kids Institute of the University of Western Australia, the American Stanford University, and the Western Australian Department of Health. All the authors are medical researchers.Technical-restriction-time (talk) 21:36, 25 July 2021 (UTC)

Dated diagnostic differentiation between high-functioning autism and aspergers syndrome

The premise of this article is dated. In the professional diagnostic community, theres no difference being made between high-functioning autism and aspergers. The difference between people who were diagnosed with either one condition in the past, is now formulated in terms of a general all-encompassing autism-spectrum. The information in this article should be incorporated into a general article about autism.— Preceding unsigned comment added by Banane1998 (talk • contribs) 06:17, 29 July 2021 (UTC)

Intro is misleading

There IS a classification in the DSM5 of varying levels of ASD severity, which can be found on page 52.. There are three: Level 3: "Requiring very substantial support" Level 2: "Requiring substantial support" Level 1: "Requiring support"

Each of these are correlated with the intellectual amd mental functioning of the individual. Please correct this misinformation. It is incorrect. 24.178.249.149 (talk) 21:07, 24 January 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 17 March 2022

Carletteyt (talk) 15:34, 17 March 2022 (UTC)

Hi, if we say that high functioning autism doesn´t means intelectual disability, should be changed in the part of diagnosis that says the minimum IQ is 70.

 Not done: I think you misread. HFA is often, however, used in clinical settings to describe a set of symptoms related to an autism spectrum disorder whereby they exhibit standard autism indicators although have an intelligence quotient (IQ) of 70 or greater. It's saying that HFA is generally an IQ above 70. ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 15:39, 17 March 2022 (UTC)

Are you believe that HFA doesn´t implying same IQ that average people? Carletteyt (talk) 15:52, 17 March 2022 (UTC)

I have associated that high functioning autism can be a higher intelligence to average and giftedness...

What do you believe? Carletteyt (talk) 15:57, 17 March 2022 (UTC)

I have added more content to the "Diagnosis and IQ" section. -- Valjean (talk) (PING me) 16:03, 18 April 2022 (UTC)

Under Behavior

"There is still needs more research..." under behavior. Good is English this yes. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2603:7080:C53B:6D00:2914:C799:2C8F:39D4 (talk) 20:09, 2 June 2022 (UTC)

"learning disabilitie"

Why does it have category "learning disabilities" and Low-functioning_autism not? Is high the meaning of higher problems or lower ones? Either both get the same categories or not but dont make this look so confusing dear fellow Wikipedians. 2A02:8388:4501:1F00:ACE4:E365:4D03:8781 (talk) 23:36, 24 July 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 31 August 2022

The DSM-5 is published by the “American Psychiatric Association” not the “American Psychological Association” 153.33.148.98 (talk) 01:36, 31 August 2022 (UTC)

 Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. KRtau16 (talk) 10:41, 31 August 2022 (UTC)

New page for "Level 2 Autism"?

Hi, Thanks for all your hard work! I'm a new member of the Wikipedia community, am still learning the rules-n-regs, and write mostly about underrepresented groups in STEM professions. I have met many Level 1 autistic scientists (some whose accommodation needs are so few that I was unaware until they disclosed to me).

However, both Level 2 Autistic scientists and Level 3 autistic scientists remain dramatically underrepresented. While I haven't met a scientist with a Level 3 diagnosis, there are college students with a Level 2 diagnosis on the current DSM, but not many. Is this due to inherent, unavoidable functional limitations, or could the culprit be a lack of opportunity and educational access?

Can someone with better Wiki-writing skills than I please add a page about Level 2 autism? Thanks. ~~ Truth2239 (talk) 05:02, 16 February 2023 (UTC)

Source reliability

I've just fixed a couple of cite journal errors in the article. Neither reference was an actual journal article, but rather posts from websites (helpguide.org and WebMD respectfully). Diff for reference. I thought I would post here to highlight them in case there is an MEDRS issue (which I'll leave to editors of the article). -- LCU ActivelyDisinterested ∆transmissions∆ °co-ords° 14:09, 9 June 2023 (UTC)

Untitled

[According to the organization Autism Speaks, "speech-language therapy is designed to coordinate the mechanics of speech with the meaning and social use of speech".] knowing how controversial Autism speaks is this should probably be changed to have a more reliable source. Thoughts? 198.110.115.186 (talk) 18:45, 30 November 2022 (UTC)

woops forgot to add a subject 198.110.115.186 (talk) 18:46, 30 November 2022 (UTC)

I would agree that a more reliable source is needed Tbrod063 (talk) 08:52, 28 December 2022 (UTC)

Autism Speaks is generally hated within the Autistic community, so it's definitely better to cite another organisation. Try the National Autistic Society here in the UK, or even better, state 'High Functioning WAS used...I hate the term myself. I'm Autistic - no high, no low, I am. castlering (talk) 16:09, 4 February 2023 (UTC)

Done. Not only is AutismSpeaks controversial, but the main issuekfor me was that it was factually inaccurate: speech-language therapy does not exist, as speech-language pathologists use a combination of a diverse set of therapies depending on the child's needs and the practitioner's preferences. That's why the wikipedia page is called so: speech-language pathology, not speech-language therapy. Signimu (talk) 00:16, 11 June 2023 (UTC)