User:Mr. Ibrahem/Omeprazole
Clinical data | |
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Pronunciation | /oʊˈmɛprəzoʊl/ |
Trade names | Losec, Prilosec, Zegerid, others[1][2] |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a693050 |
License data |
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Pregnancy category |
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Routes of administration | By mouth, IV |
Drug class | Proton-pump inhibitor |
Legal status | |
Legal status |
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Pharmacokinetic data | |
Bioavailability | 35–76%[4][5] |
Protein binding | 95% |
Metabolism | Liver (CYP2C19, CYP3A4) |
Elimination half-life | 1–1.2 hours |
Excretion | 80% (urine) 20% (bile via feces) |
Identifiers | |
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Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C17H19N3O3S |
Molar mass | 345.42 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
Chirality | Racemic mixture |
Density | 1.4±0.1[6] g/cm3 |
Melting point | 156 °C (313 °F) |
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Omeprazole, sold under the brand names Prilosec and Losec among others, is a medication used in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcer disease, and Zollinger–Ellison syndrome.[1] It is also used to prevent upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people who are at high risk.[1] Omeprazole is a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) and its effectiveness is similar to other PPIs.[10] It can be taken by mouth or by injection into a vein.[1][11]
Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, headaches, abdominal pain, and increased intestinal gas.[1][8] Serious side effects may include Clostridium difficile colitis, an increased risk of pneumonia, an increased risk of bone fractures, and the potential of masking stomach cancer.[1] It is unclear if it is safe for use in pregnancy.[1] It works by blocking the release of stomach acid.[1]
Omeprazole was patented in 1978, and approved for medical use in 1988.[12] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[13] It is available as a generic medication.[1] The wholesale cost in the developing world as of 2014[update], is US$0.01 to US$0.07 per dose.[14] In the United States, it costs on average US$0.50 per pill.[15] In 2017, it was the seventh most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 58 million prescriptions.[16][17] It is also available without a prescription in the United States.[18]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Omeprazole". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 19 February 2011. Retrieved October 21, 2018.
- ^ "Omeprazole international". Drugs.com. 3 February 2020. Archived from the original on 28 February 2020. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
- ^ a b "Omeprazole Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 11 April 2019. Archived from the original on 15 February 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
- ^ "Prilosec- omeprazole magnesium capsule, delayed release Prilosec- omeprazole magnesium granule, delayed release". DailyMed. 22 December 2016. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
- ^ Vaz-Da-Silva, Manuel; Loureiro, Ana I.; Nunes, Teresa; Maia, Joana; Tavares, Susana; Falcão, Amilcar; Silveira, Pedro; Almeida, Luis; Soares-Da-Silva, Patricio (2005). "Bioavailability and Bioequivalence of Two Enteric-Coated Formulations of Omeprazole in Fasting and Fed Conditions". Clinical Drug Investigation. 25 (6): 391–399. doi:10.2165/00044011-200525060-00004. PMID 17532679. S2CID 22082780. Archived from the original on March 13, 2013. Retrieved October 21, 2018.
- ^ "Omeprazole MSDS". Archived from the original on 19 April 2017. Retrieved October 21, 2018.
- ^ "OMEPRAZOLE oral - Essential drugs". medicalguidelines.msf.org. Archived from the original on 28 August 2021. Retrieved 22 August 2020.
- ^ a b Vallerand, A.H.; Sanoski, C.A.; Deglin, J.H. (2015). Davis's Drug Guide for Nurses (14th ed.). F.A. Davis Company. pp. 924–925. ISBN 978-0-8036-4085-6. OCLC 881473728.
- ^ "WHOCC - ATC/DDD Index". www.whocc.no. Archived from the original on 31 October 2020. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
- ^ "[99] Comparative effectiveness of proton pump inhibitors | Therapeutics Initiative". 28 June 2016. Archived from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
- ^ "Omeprazole 40 mg Powder for Solution for Infusion". EMC. February 10, 2016. Archived from the original on April 7, 2016. Retrieved October 21, 2018.
- ^ Fischer, Jnos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 445. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 29 June 2020.
- ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- ^ "Omeprazole". International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Archived from the original on May 10, 2017. Retrieved October 21, 2018.[dead link]
- ^ "NADAC as of 2016-11-16 Data.Medicaid.gov". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Archived from the original on November 17, 2016. Retrieved October 21, 2018.
- ^ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. 23 December 2019. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
- ^ "Omeprazole - Drug Usage Statistics, ClinCalc DrugStats Database". ClinCalc. 23 December 2019. Archived from the original on 28 February 2020. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
- ^ Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and (3 November 2018). "Questions and Answers on Prilosec OTC (omeprazole)". FDA. Archived from the original on 28 August 2021. Retrieved 2 March 2020.