User:LivelytheTrain/sandbox

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Europe[edit]

Italic Source[1]

State Head Since House Claim Succession Abolition Done?
Albania Albania Leka 30 November 2011 Zogu Grandson of King Zog I (1928–1939). Hereditary 1939 de facto
1944 de jure		 Cannot be done, too little information
 Austria-Hungary (more) Karl 4 July 2011[eu 1] Habsburg-Lorraine[eu 2] Grandson of Emperor and King Charles I & IV (1916–1918).[eu 3] Hereditary 1918 Yes
 Bulgaria Simeon II 15 September 1946[eu 4] Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry[eu 5] Last reigning Tsar (1943–1946). Hereditary 1946 Yes
France (Legitimist) Louis Alphonse 30 January 1989 Bourbon[eu 6] 9th-great-grandson of King Louis XIV (1643–1715). Hereditary 1830 Yes
France France (Orléanist-Unionist) Jean 21 January 2019 Orléans[eu 7] 4th-great-grandson of King Louis Philippe I (1830–1848). Hereditary 1848 Yes
France France (Bonapartist) Charles Napoléon 3 May 1997[eu 8] Bonaparte Great-great-grandnephew of Emperor Napoleon (1804–1814, 1815). Hereditary 1870 Yes
Jean Christophe Great-great-great-grandnephew of Emperor Napoleon (1804–1814, 1815).
Georgia (country) Georgia David 16 January 2008 Mukhrani[as 1] 13th-great-grandson of King Constantine II (1478–1505). Hereditary 1801
Nugzar 13 August 1984 Gruzinsky[as 1] Great-great-great-grandson of King George XII (1798–1800).
 Greece Constantine II 1 June 1973[eu 9] Glücksburg[eu 10] Last reigning King (1964–1973). Hereditary 1973 Yes
Lithuania Lithuania Inigo 9 February 1991 Urach[2] Grandson of King Wilhelm Karl (1918). Hereditary 1918 [3]
 Montenegro Nicholas 24 March 1986 Petrović-Njegoš Great-grandson of King Nicholas I (1910–1918). Hereditary 1918
Portugal Portugal Duarte Pio 24 December 1976 Braganza[eu 11] Great-grandson of King Miguel I (1828–1834). Hereditary 1910
 Romania Margareta[eu 12] 5 December 2017 Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen[eu 13] Daughter of King Michael I (1927–1930 and 1940–1947). Hereditary 1947 [4]
Paul-Philippe 27 January 2006 Grandson of King Carol II (1930–1940).
Karl Friedrich 5 December 2017 Great-grandnephew of King Ferdinand I (1914–1927).[eu 14]
Russia Maria Vladimirovna 21 April 1992 Romanov[eu 15] Great-great-granddaughter of Emperor Alexander II (1855–1881).[eu 16] Hereditary 1917
Karl Emich 1 June 2013 Great-great-grandson of Emperor Alexander II (1855–1881).
Alexis Andreevich 28 November 2021 Great-great-great-grandson of Emperor Nicholas I (1825–1855).[eu 16]
 Serbia Alexander 3 November 1970 Karađorđević Great-grandson of King Peter I of Serbia (1903–1918) Hereditary 1918
 Yugoslavia Son and heir apparent of King Peter II of Yugoslavia (1934–1945) 1945

Germany[edit]

Source[1]

State Head Since House Claim Abolition Ref(s)
Empire
 Germany Georg Friedrich 26 September 1994 Hohenzollern Great-great-grandson of Kaiser Wilhelm II (1888–1918). Hereditary 1918 [5][6]
Kingdoms
 Bavaria Franz 8 July 1996 Wittelsbach Great-grandson of King Ludwig III (1913–1918).
Also heir to the Jacobite succession.[7]		 Hereditary 1918
 Hanover Ernst August 9 December 1987 Hanover[eu 17] Great-great-grandson of King Georg V (1851–1866). Hereditary 1866 [8]
 Prussia Georg Friedrich 26 September 1994 Hohenzollern Great-great-grandson of King Wilhelm II (1888–1918). Hereditary 1918
 Saxony Daniel 29 March 2022 Wettin[eu 18] Great-great-grandson of King Frederick Augustus III (1904–1918). Hereditary 1918
Alexander 23 July 2012 Saxe-Gessaphe Great-grandson of King Frederick Augustus III (1904–1918).
 Württemberg Wilhelm 7 June 2022 Württemberg Relative of King William II (1891–1918). Hereditary 1918
Grand Duchies
 Baden Maximilian 27 October 1963 Zähringen Great-great-grandson of Grand Duke Leopold I (1830–1852). Hereditary 1918
Hesse and by Rhine Donatus 23 May 2013 Hesse Relative of Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig (1892–1918). Hereditary 1918
Mecklenburg-Strelitz Borwin 26 January 1996 Mecklenburg[eu 19] Great-great-great-grandson of Grand Duke Georg (1816–1860). Hereditary 1918
Oldenburg Christian 20 September 2014 Holstein-Gottorp[eu 20] Great-grandson of Grand Duke Frederick Augustus II (1900–1918). Hereditary 1918
Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach Michael 14 October 1988 Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach[eu 5] Grandson of Grand Duke William Ernest (1901–1918). Hereditary 1918
Duchies
Anhalt Julius Eduard 9 October 1963 Ascania Son of Duke Joachim Ernst (1918). Hereditary 1918
 Brunswick Ernst August 9 December 1987 Hanover[eu 17] Grandson of Duke Ernst August (1913–1918). Hereditary 1918
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha Andreas 23 January 1998 Saxe-Coburg and Gotha[eu 5] Grandson of Duke Charles Edward (1900–1918). Hereditary 1918 [9]
Saxe-Meiningen Konrad 4 October 1984 Saxe-Meiningen[eu 5] Great-grandson of Duke Georg II (1866–1914). Hereditary 1918
Schleswig-Holstein Christoph 30 September 1980 Glücksburg[eu 10] Relative of Duke Frederick VII (1808–1863). Hereditary 1866
Principalities
Hohenzollern[eu 21] Karl Friedrich 16 September 2010 Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen[eu 22] Great-great-grandson of Prince Karl Anton (1848–1849). Hereditary 1850 [10]
Lippe Stephan 20 August 2015 Lippe Grandson of Prince Leopold IV (1905–1918). Hereditary 1918
Friedrich Wilhelm 15 June 1990 Grandnephew of Prince Leopold IV (1905–1918).
Reuss[eu 23] Heinrich XIV 20 June 2012 Reuss Relative of Prince Heinrich XXVII (1913–1918).[eu 24] Hereditary 1918
Schaumburg-Lippe Alexander 28 August 2003 Lippe Grandnephew of Prince Adolf II (1911–1918). Hereditary 1918 [11]
Waldeck and Pyrmont Wittekind 30 November 1967 Waldeck Grandson of Prince Friedrich (1893–1918). Hereditary 1918 [12]

Italy[edit]

Source[1]

Until the mid-nineteenth century, the Italian peninsula comprised a number of states, some of which were monarchies. During the Italian unification, the monarchs of such agglomerated states lost their sovereignty and their titles became purely ceremonial. The resultant throne of the Kingdom of Italy was held by the former king of Sardinia.

State Head Since House Claim Succession Abolition Ref(s)
 Italy Aimone 1 June 2021 Savoy Great-great-great-grandson of King Victor Emmanuel II (1861–1878). Hereditary 1946 [13][14]
Vittorio Emanuele[eu 25] 18 March 1983 Heir apparent and son of King Umberto II (1946).
Pre-unification
Modena Lorenzo 7 February 1996 Austria-Este[eu 2] Great-grandnephew of Franz Ferdinand, adopted heir of Duke Francis V (1846–1859). Hereditary 1859 [16]
 Parma Carlos 18 August 2010 Bourbon-Parma[eu 7] Great-grandson of Duke Robert I (1854–1859).
Also one of the contested heirs to the Carlist succession.[17]		 Hereditary 1859 [18][19]
Tuscany Sigismondo 18 June 1993 Habsburg-Lorraine[eu 2] Great-great-grandson of Grand Duke Ferdinand IV (1859). Hereditary 1859 [20]
 Two Sicilies Pedro of Calabria 5 October 2015 Bourbon-Two Sicilies[eu 26] Great-great-great-grandson of King Ferdinand II (1830–1859). Hereditary 1861
Carlo of Castro 20 March 2008 Great-great-grandson of King Ferdinand II (1830–1859).
  1. ^ a b c "2021 ICOC REGISTER" (PDF). International Commission for Orders of Chivalry. Retrieved 22 July 2022.
  2. ^ A branch of the House of Württemberg
  3. ^ Jakilaitis, Edmundas (12 March 2018). "Paskelbtojo karaliaus Mindaugo II anūkas: monarchija Lietuvai būtų pigiau ir naudingiau Skaitykite daugiau". Delfi. Retrieved 27 June 2022.
  4. ^ "Biografie" (in Romanian). General Secretariat of His Majesty King Michael I. Archived from the original on 24 April 2015. Retrieved 5 July 2010.
  5. ^ Blankart, Michaela, ed. (2009). "George Frederick The Prince of Prussia". Preussen. Translated by Delaney, Richard. Archived from the original on 21 June 2010. Retrieved 10 July 2010.
  6. ^ Velde, François (1998). "The Hohenzollern Succession Dispute". Heraldica. Retrieved 10 July 2010.
  7. ^ Justin Huggler. "Could the Duke of Bavaria be the next King of Scotland?". The Telegraph. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
  8. ^ Heinrich, Prinz von Hannover (2002). "Ernst August, Prinz von Hannover, Herzog zu Braunschweig und Lüneburg" (in German). MatrixMedia Verlag. Retrieved 10 July 2010.
  9. ^ Männl, Anja. "Andreas Prinz von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha" (in German). Herzogliche Hauptverwaltung Coburg. Retrieved 10 July 2010.
  10. ^ Schloss Sigmaringen. "The Family Tree". Prince of Hohenzollern Group. Retrieved 10 July 2010.
  11. ^ Perl, Alexander. "Biografie Fürst Alexander" (in German). Schloss Bückeburg. Archived from the original on 11 February 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2010.
  12. ^ Mergel, Wolfgang; Wagener, Ekkehard; Obst, Carsten (2001). "Genealogie: Wittekind, Fürst zu Waldeck-Pyrmont" (in German). Waldecker Münzen. Retrieved 10 July 2010.
  13. ^ Sainty, Guy Stair. "Royal House of Italy". Almanach de la Cour. Archived from the original on 13 June 2010. Retrieved 11 July 2010.
  14. ^ Sainty, Guy Stair. "Genealogy of the Royal House of Italy". Almanach de la Cour. Archived from the original on 15 April 2008. Retrieved 11 July 2010.
  15. ^ de Montjouvent, Philippe. Le Comte de Paris et sa Descendance. Editions du Chaney, 1998, Charenton, France. pp. 34–347. French. ISBN 2-913211-00-3.
  16. ^ Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Fürstliche Häuser XVI. "Haus Österreich". C.A. Starke Verlag, 2001, pp. 90-92. ISBN 978-3-7980-0824-3.
  17. ^ El primogénito de Carlos Hugo de Borbón – Nuevo pretendiente carlista a la corona de España – website news agency Europa Press (Spanish)
  18. ^ Sainty, Guy Stair. "Genealogy of the Branch of Bourbon-Parma". Almanach de la Cour. Archived from the original on 13 June 2010. Retrieved 11 July 2010.
  19. ^ Agosti, Guido. "La Dinastia". Reale e Ducale Casa di Borbone Parma. Archived from the original on 18 April 2009. Retrieved 31 August 2010.
  20. ^ James, John. Almanach de Gotha 2016 Volume I Parts I & II
    Sainty, Guy Stair. "Dinastia Gran Ducale di Toscana" (in Italian). Almanach de la Cour. Archived from the original on 13 June 2010. Retrieved 11 July 2010.
  1. ^ On 31 May 1961, Karl's father Otto renounced all claims to the Austrian throne in order to return from exile. He relinquished his position as head of the House of Habsburg to Karl on 1 January 2007.
  2. ^ a b c A branch of the House of Lorraine cognatically descended from the House of Habsburg. The ducal family of Modena, which was historically descended from the House of Este, traditionally uses the name Austria-Este, which has continued to be adopted as a title by the current line.
  3. ^ The Austro-Hungarian monarch held the crowns of Austria and Hungary, and also reigned as King of Bohemia, King of Croatia, and more.
  4. ^ Simeon II reigned as Tsar of Bulgaria from 28 August 1943 until the monarchy was deposed in the Communist revolution of 1946. After returning to the country from exile in 1996, he later served as Prime Minister between 24 July 2001 and 17 August 2005.
  5. ^ a b c d A branch of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, A sept of the Ernestine branch of the House of Wettin.
  6. ^ The House of Bourbon is a branch of the Capetian Dynasty.
  7. ^ a b A branch of the House of Bourbon.
  8. ^ Charles Napoléon is the current head of the House of Bonaparte. His son, Jean Christophe, was posthumously appointed heir to the imperial claim in the will of his grandfather, Louis Napoléon.
  9. ^ Constantine II reigned as King of the Hellenes from 6 March 1964 until the monarchy's abolition in 1973.
  10. ^ a b Officially the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, which is a branch of the House of Oldenburg.
  11. ^ A branch of the House of Aviz.
  12. ^ Margareta's father Michael I reigned as King of Romania between 20 July 1927 and 8 June 1930, and again from 6 September 1940 until the monarchy's abolition during the Communist revolution of 1947. A rival claim to the throne is maintained by the descendants of Carol Lambrino, Michael's elder half-brother from his father's first marriage. Carol Lambrino's eldest son, Paul-Philippe, has maintained his claim to the throne since his father's death on 27 January 2006.
  13. ^ A line of the House of Hohenzollern.
  14. ^ Heir under the 1923 constitution, which stipulates Salic law.
  15. ^ The House of Romanov is a line of the House of Holstein-Gottorp, which itself is a branch of the House of Oldenburg.
  16. ^ a b Full title: Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russias, used since 1721, although commonly designated Tsar. The emperors of Russia were also the Grand Dukes of Finland from 1809 until 1917, and the Kings of Poland from 1815 until 1916.
  17. ^ a b The House of Hanover is a branch of the House of Welf, which itself is a branch of the House of Este.
  18. ^ The kings of Saxony belonged to the Albertine branch of the House of Wettin.
  19. ^ The royal family of Mecklenburg-Strelitz belongs to the Strelitz branch of the House of Mecklenburg.
  20. ^ A branch of the House of Oldenburg.
  21. ^ The principalities of Hohenzollern-Hechingen and Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen were created in 1576 from the partition of the territory of Hohenzollern. When the Hechingen lineage became extinct in 1869, the heirs of the Princes of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen reclaimed the title Prince of Hohenzollern.
  22. ^ A branch of the House of Hohenzollern.
  23. ^ The territory of Reuss was partitioned between the sons of the reigning prince in 1564, eventually resulting in the principalities of Reuss Elder Line and Reuss Younger Line. The elder lineage expired in 1927 through the death of Heinrich XXIV (1902–1918), and inheritance passed to the junior line of Köstritz, whose heirs now claim the title Prince Reuss.
  24. ^ For details on the unusual numbering system of the Reuss-Köstritz lineage, see the main article.
  25. ^ Vittorio Emanuele, only son of King Umberto II, was heir apparent to the throne of Italy from his father's ascension until the monarchy was abolished in 1946. He declared himself King of Italy in 1969, claiming that his father, having agreed to submit to a referendum on his position as head of state, had thereby abdicated his throne. The declaration came after his father called for Amedeo, Duke of Aosta to visit him in Cascais, allegedly to name him his heir.[15] Umberto II died on 18 March 1983.
  26. ^ This branch is known as the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies. The right to succession is currently disputed between two branches of the family.


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