User:Ifly6/Useful sources (Rome)

Some useful sources on Rome and the Roman republic follow.

Reference works

Magistrates of the Roman Republic

See also: User:Ifly6/MRR1 and User:Ifly6/MRR2

A truly magisterial work. You can find it online here. I am pretty sure that MRR is now in the public domain because its copyright was not renewed when required and it was published before 1963. But, of course, I am not a copyright lawyer.

The OCD abbreviation is simply MRR (or "Broughton, MRR"). People usually cite in a form like "MRR 2.321" meaning volume 2 page 321. (In this case, Marcus Junius Brutus' praetorship in 44.) Created substitution templates.

Broughton, Thomas Robert Shannon (1951). The magistrates of the Roman republic. Vol. 1. New York: American Philological Association. {{subst:User:Ifly6/MRR1}}

Broughton, Thomas Robert Shannon (1952). The magistrates of the Roman republic. Vol. 2. New York: American Philological Association. {{subst:User:Ifly6/MRR2}}

Alternatively, you can look at the relatively new Digital Prosopography of the Roman Republic which combines a number of different databases including MRR into a single searchable interface. For example:

• For someone famous... M. Iunius (53) M. f. Brutus = Q. Servilius Caepio Brutus in the Digital Prosopography of the Roman Republic.
• For someone obscure... L. Bellienus (5) in the Digital Prosopography of the Roman Republic.

Oxford Classical Dictionary (4th ed, 2012)

SURNAME, NAME (2012). "ENTRY". In Hornblower, Simon; et al. (eds.). The Oxford classical dictionary (4th ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-954556-8. OCLC 959667246.

{{Cite book |last=SURNAME |first=NAME |chapter=ENTRY |editor-last1=Hornblower |editor-first1=Simon |display-editors=etal |title=The Oxford classical dictionary |year=2012 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bVWcAQAAQBAJ |isbn=978-0-19-954556-8 |edition=4th |oclc=959667246 |publisher=Oxford University Press }}

Note that the contributors in the book are given initials. There are lots of contributors; I can't list them all. Here are a few important ones. EB is Ernst Badian. MHC is Michael Crawford. AWL is Andrew Lintott.

Alternatively, if multiple entries are used:

• Hornblower, Simon; et al., eds. (2012). The Oxford classical dictionary (4th ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-954556-8. OCLC 959667246.
  • LAST, FIRST. "ENTRY". In OCD⁴ (2012).

* {{Cite book |editor-last1=Hornblower |editor-first1=Simon |display-editors=etal |title=The Oxford classical dictionary |year=2012 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bVWcAQAAQBAJ |isbn=978-0-19-954556-8 |edition=4th |oclc=959667246 |publisher=Oxford University Press |ref={{harvid|OCD<sup>4</sup>|2012}} }}
** {{harvc |last=LAST |first=FIRST |c=ENTRY |in=OCD<sup>4</sup> |year=2012 }}

This version reproduces the standard convention in classical scholarship to indicate editions with a superscript. Eg CAH² for the second edition of the Cambridge Ancient History in Flower, H (2010). "Abbreviations". Roman republics. p. xv. ISBN 978-0-691-14043-8. LCCN 2009004551.

Cambridge Ancient History

CAH² vol 7 pt 2 (1989)

SURNAME, NAME (1989). "CHAPTER". In Walbank, FW; et al. (eds.). The rise of Rome to 220 BC. Cambridge Ancient History. Vol. 7 Pt. 2 (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-23446-8.

{{Cite book |last=SURNAME |first=NAME |chapter=CHAPTER |title=The rise of Rome to 220 BC |series=Cambridge Ancient History |volume=7 Pt. 2 |edition=2nd |date=1989 |editor-first1=FW |editor-last1=Walbank |display-editors=etal |isbn=0-521-23446-8 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}

CAH² vol 8 (1989)

SURNAME, NAME (1989). "CHAPTER". In Astin, AE; et al. (eds.). Rome and the Mediterranean to 133 BC. Cambridge Ancient History. Vol. 8 (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-23448-4. OCLC 916019669.

{{Cite book |last=SURNAME |first=NAME |chapter=CHAPTER |title=Rome and the Mediterranean to 133 BC |series=Cambridge Ancient History |volume=8 |edition=2nd |date=1989 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5Oe1u1H_OSMC |editor-last1=Astin |editor-first1=AE |display-editors=etal |isbn=0-521-23448-4 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |oclc=916019669 }}

CAH² vol 9 (1994)

SURNAME, NAME (1994). "CHAPTER". In Crook, John; et al. (eds.). The last age of the Roman Republic, 146–43 BC. Cambridge Ancient History. Vol. 9 (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-85073-8. OCLC 121060.

{{Cite book |last=SURNAME |first=NAME |chapter=CHAPTER |title=The last age of the Roman Republic, 146–43 BC |series=Cambridge Ancient History |volume=9 |edition=2nd |date=1994 |url=https://books.google.com/?id=3yUkzNLiY4oC |editor-last1=Crook |editor-first1=John |display-editors=etal |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=0-521-85073-8 |oclc=121060 }}

Crook, John; et al., eds. (1994). The last age of the Roman Republic, 146–43 BC. Cambridge Ancient History. Vol. 9 (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-85073-8. OCLC 121060.

• SURNAME, NAME. "CHAPTER". In CAH² 9 (1994).

{{Cite book |title=The last age of the Roman Republic, 146–43 BC |series=Cambridge Ancient History |volume=9 |edition=2nd |date=1994 |url=https://books.google.com/?id=3yUkzNLiY4oC |editor-last1=Crook |editor-first1=John |display-editors=etal |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=0-521-85073-8 |oclc=121060 |ref={{harvid|CAH<sup>2</sup> 9|1994}} }}
* {{harvc |last=SURNAME |first=NAME |c=CHAPTER |in=CAH<sup>2</sup> 9 |year=1994 }}

CAH² vol 10 (1996)

SURNAME, NAME (1996). "CHAPTER". In Bowman, Alan K; et al. (eds.). The Augustan empire, 43 BC–AD 69. Cambridge Ancient History. Vol. 10 (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-26430-8.

{{Cite book |last=SURNAME |first=NAME |chapter=CHAPTER |title=The Augustan empire, 43 BC–AD 69 |series=Cambridge Ancient History |volume=10 |edition=2nd |date=1996 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JZLW4-wba7UC |editor-last1=Bowman |editor-first1=Alan K |display-editors=etal |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=0-521-26430-8 }}

Realencyclopädie

I don't like citing the RE, if only because I can't read it and it isn't easily translatable when it hasn't been OCR'd or manually entered. Some of the earlier entries are showing their age. However, most of it is now online. You can find it on Wikisource.

There are two citation styles I'll provide. The first is a template for cite wikisource and the second is to the encyclopaedia directly. I think it's best if you provide the URL to the scan if possible. The RE doesn't like to show up on English web searches.

SURNAME, NAME (YEAR). "TITLE" . Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft (in German). Vol. VOLUME. Stuttgart: Butcher. cols. ###–### – via Wikisource. {{citation}}: |volume= has extra text (help); Check date values in: |year= (help)

{{cite wikisource |last=SURNAME |first=NAME |wslink=RE:TITLE |title=TITLE |encyclopedia=Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft |year=YEAR |volume=VOLUME |publisher=Butcher |location=Stuttgart |wslanguage=de |at=cols. ###–### }}

SURNAME, NAME (YEAR). [SCAN_URL "TITLE"]. Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft (in German). Vol. VOLUME. Stuttgart: Butcher. cols. ###–###. {{cite encyclopedia}}: |volume= has extra text (help); Check |url= value (help); Check date values in: |year= (help)

{{cite encyclopedia |last=SURNAME |first=NAME |title=TITLE |encyclopedia=Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft |volume=VOLUME |year=YEAR |publisher=Butcher |location=Stuttgart |at=cols. ###–### |url=SCAN_URL |language=de }}

Trials

A list of trials in the late Roman republic. The OCD abbreviation is "Alexander, Trials". You may also see it cited as TLRR.

Alexander, Michael Charles (1990). Trials in the late Roman Republic, 149 BC to 50 BC. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 0-8020-5787-X. OCLC 41156621.

{{Cite book |last=Alexander |first=Michael Charles |title=Trials in the late Roman Republic, 149 BC to 50 BC |date=1990 |publisher=University of Toronto Press |isbn=0-8020-5787-X |location=Toronto |oclc=41156621}}

Adfinitas

Further information: User:Ifly6/Zmeskal

If you ever wanted to know more than you ever wanted to know about Roman family trees, Zmeskal did it already. This is also one of the sources used for DPRR. It's in German, but the vocabulary of "Sohn", "Vater", "Bruder", "Tochter", and "verheiratet" is small enough to be easily understood.

Zmeskal, Klaus (2009). Adfinitas (in German). Vol. 1. Passau: Verlag Karl Stutz. ISBN 978-3-88849-304-1.

{{subst:User:Ifly6/Zmeskal}}

Modern books

General late republican

Flower, Roman republics (2010). Advances a new paradigm for periodisation of the Roman republic.

{{Cite book |last=Flower |first=Harriet |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p2eYDwAAQBAJ |title=Roman republics |year=2010 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-14043-8 |lccn=2009004551 }}

Gruen, Last generation of the Roman republic (1995). Classical reference work on the fall of the republic.

{{Cite book |last=Gruen |first=Erich |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8a4wDwAAQBAJ |title=The last generation of the Roman republic |year=1995 |isbn=0-520-02238-6 |location=Berkeley |publisher=University of California Press}}

Mouritsen, Politics in the Roman republic (2017). Explanation of the Roman republic's political practice and culture.

{{Cite book |last=Mouritsen |first=Henrik |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=stYcDgAAQBAJ |title=Politics in the Roman republic |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-107-03188-3 |location=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |oclc=961266598}}

Beard, SQPR (2015). Short single-volume history which touches very briefly on (almost) all the major topics.

{{Cite book |last=Beard |first=Mary |title=SPQR: a history of ancient Rome |year=2015 |isbn=978-0-87140-423-7 |edition=1st |location=New York |oclc=902661394 |publisher=Liveright Publishing}}

Mackay, Breakdown of the Roman republic (2009). Well reviewed textbook-style introduction to the late republic.

{{cite book |last=Mackay |first=Christopher S |title=The breakdown of the Roman republic |date=2009 |isbn=978-0-521-51819-2 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}

Steel, The end of the Roman republic (2013). Single-volume history about the end of the Roman republic. The best portions of it are related to Sulla's dictatorship – there is a bit of a lacuna as to the chronology of the proscriptions – and the Gracchan period. Narrative on Pompey is fine; for sections on Caesar, defer to Morstein-Marx, Caesar (2021).

{{cite book |last=Steel |first=Catherine |title=The end of the Roman republic, 149 to 44 BC: conquest and crisis |year=2013 |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9780748629022/html |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |series=Edinburgh History of Ancient Rome |isbn=978-0-7486-1944-3 }}

Lintott, Constitution of the Roman republic (1999). Description of Roman republican political institutions.

{{Cite book |last=Lintott |first=Andrew |title=Constitution of the Roman republic |year=1999 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-926108-6 }} Reprinted 2009.

Miscellaneous

Drogula, Commanders and command (2015). Explanation on the nature of Roman imperium.

{{Cite book |last=Drogula |first=Fred |url=https://books.google.com/?id=XJ6_BwAAQBAJ |title=Commanders & command in the Roman republic and early empire |year=2015 |publisher=University of North Carolina Press |isbn=978-1-4696-2314-6 |location=Chapel Hill |oclc=905949529}}

Sumner, Orators in Cicero's Brutus (1973). He tells you approximate birth dates for a whole bunch of people.

{{cite book |last=Sumner |first=G V |title=The Orators in Cicero's Brutus: Prosopography and Chronology |year=1973 |series=Heritage |publisher=University of Toronto Press  |jstor=10.3138/j.ctvcj2j22 }}

Archaic Rome

Cornell, Beginnings of Rome (1995). A narrative of archaic Rome which takes the ancient literary tradition and sources seriously, synthesising it with archaeological finds.

{{Cite book |last=Cornell |first=Tim |title=The beginnings of Rome |date=1995 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-01596-0 |location=London |oclc=31515793 }}

Forsythe, Critical history of early Rome (2005). A narrative of archaic Rome which (somewhat inconsistently) does not take the ancient literary tradition seriously. Recommended by Beard, SPQR (2015), which mentions Cornell 1995 not at all.

{{Cite book |last=Forsythe |first=Gary |title=A critical history of early Rome |date=2005 |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-94029-1 |location=Berkeley |oclc=70728478 }}

Lomas, The rise of Rome (2018). A more recent book on archaic Rome which includes some review of where the scholarship has gone since 1995 and 2005. I would prefer this to the earlier books largely due to Lomas' ability to have read and learnt from both of them.

{{cite book |last=Lomas |first=Kathryn |title=The rise of Rome |year=2018 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-65965-0 |location=Cambridge |series=History of the Ancient World |doi=10.4159/9780674919938 |s2cid=239349186 }}

Collections

Companion to the Roman republic (2006). This companion is the better of the two; it contains rather important chapters on scholarly controversies; therein, it explains the debate over Italian population counts (people now accept a mid-count) and also the very long debate over the fall of the republic (Brunt vs Meier vs Gruen).

SURNAME, NAME (2006). "CHAPTER". In Rosenstein, N S; Morstein-Marx, R (eds.). A companion to the Roman Republic. Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-4051-7203-5. OCLC 86070041.

{{Cite book |last=SURNAME |first=NAME |chapter=CHAPTER |title=A companion to the Roman Republic |date=2006 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6BOQZirLCWgC |editor-last1=Rosenstein |editor-first1=N S |editor-last2=Morstein-Marx |editor-first2=R |publisher=Blackwell |isbn=978-1-4051-7203-5 |oclc=86070041}}

Cambridge Companion to the Roman republic (2nd ed, 2014).

SURNAME, NAME (2014). "CHAPTER". In Flower, Harriet (ed.). The Cambridge companion to the Roman republic (2nd ed.). New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-03224-8. OCLC 866253238.

{{Cite book |last=SURNAME |first=NAME |chapter=CHAPTER |title=The Cambridge companion to the Roman republic |year=2014  |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MzH6AwAAQBAJ |editor-last=Flower |editor-first=Harriet |isbn=978-1-107-03224-8 |edition=2nd |location=New York |publisher=Cambridge University Press |oclc=866253238 }}

Journals

{{Cite journal |last=Brunt |first=Peter |date=1982 |title=Nobilitas and Novitas |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/299112 |journal=Journal of Roman Studies |volume=72 |pages=1–17 |doi=10.2307/299112 |jstor=299112 |issn=0075-4358}}

Ancient sources

Further information: Abbreviations for classical authors and texts

I don't like citing the ancient sources. This is because they are unreliable, often contradictory, and – frankly – not very historical. They also are annoying to cite because of the multitude of translations etc. Below, I prefer the (now public domain) translations hosted on LacusCurtius or Perseus because they are both books and accessible on the Internet.

Note also, if you are moving from a classical studies book which cites these sources (out of necessity usually), you should familiarise yourself with the various widely-used abbreviations. I try to avoid using the abbreviations because they are unnecessarily confusing for the lay-reader (if you know nothing about the classical world, what on earth is a Plut. Luc. or Cic. Sest.?). But citations can be overly wordy and unhelpful ("Plutarch 1920" is perhaps less informative than "Plut. Mar."). Yet, at the same time, it can also be helpful to mark, using a modern-ish year, that something is a translation rather than quoted verbatim. There are arguments on both sides, if we really want to "both sides" this.

They should not be cited to based on a specific translation's page. Almost all modern translations or reprints will include the canonical paragraph numbers. Those paragraph numbers should always be preferred and are in fact what is preferred in classical scholarship; page numbers are not consistent in the same way paragraph numbers are.

Appian

Civil wars

Appian (1913) [2nd century AD]. Civil Wars. Loeb Classical Library. Translated by White, Horace. Cambridge – via LacusCurtius.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

{{cite book |author=Appian |title=Civil Wars |year=1913 |orig-year=2nd century AD |series=Loeb Classical Library |location=Cambridge |translator-last=White |translator-first=Horace |url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Appian/home.html |via=LacusCurtius |ref={{harvid|App. ''BCiv.''}} }}

Caesar

Gallic war

Caesar (1917) [1st century BC]. Gallic War. Loeb Classical Library. Translated by Edwards, Henry John. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-67499-080-7 – via LacusCurtius.

{{cite book |author=Caesar |author-link=Julius Caesar |title=Gallic War |year=1917  |orig-year=1st century BC |url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/e/roman/texts/caesar/gallic_war/home.html |translator-last=Edwards |translator-first=Henry John |publisher=Harvard University Press |series=Loeb Classical Library |isbn=978-0-67499-080-7 |via=LacusCurtius |ref={{harvid|Caes. ''BGall.''}} }}

"Gaul is a whole divided into three parts". Caes. BGall., 1.

Civil war

Julius Caesar (1859) [1st century BC]. Commentarii de Bello Civili . Harper's New Classical Library. Translated by McDevitte, WA; Bohn, WS. New York: Harper & Brothers – via Wikisource.

{{cite wikisource |author=Julius Caesar |author-link=Julius Caesar |title=Commentarii de Bello Civili |wslink=Commentaries on the Civil War |year=1859 |orig-year=1st century BC |translator-last1=McDevitte |translator-first1=WA |translator-last2=Bohn |translator-first2=WS |publisher=Harper & Brothers |location=New York |series=Harper's New Classical Library |ref={{harvid|Caes. ''BCiv.''}} }}

Recourse is had to that extreme and final decree of the senate... Caes. BCiv., 1.5

Cassius Dio

Cassius Dio (1914–27) [c. AD 230]. Roman History. Loeb Classical Library. Translated by Cary, Earnest. Harvard University Press – via LacusCurtius. (Nine volumes.)

{{cite book |author=Cassius Dio |author-link=Cassius Dio |year=1914–27 |orig-year={{circa|AD 230}} |title=Roman History |url=http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Cassius_Dio/home.html |series=Loeb Classical Library |publisher=Harvard University Press |translator-last=Cary |translator-first=Earnest |ref={{harvid|Dio}} |via=LacusCurtius }} (Nine volumes.)

Dionysius of Halicarnassus

Roman Antiquities

Dionysius of Halicarnassus (1937–50) [1st century BC]. Roman Antiquities. Loeb Classical Library. Translated by Cary, Ernest. Harvard University Press – via LacusCurtius.

{{Cite book |author=Dionysius of Halicarnassus |author-link=Dionysius of Halicarnassus |year=1937–50 |orig-year=1st century BC |title=Roman Antiquities |url=http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/e/roman/texts/dionysius_of_halicarnassus/home.html |series=Loeb Classical Library |publisher=Harvard University Press |translator-last=Cary |translator-first=Ernest |via=LacusCurtius |ref={{harvid|Dion. Hal. ''Ant. Rom.''}} }}

Livy

History of Rome

Livy (1905) [1st century AD]. From the Founding of the City . Translated by Roberts, Canon – via Wikisource.

{{Cite wikisource |author=Livy |author-link=Livy |title=From the Founding of the City |translator-last=Roberts |translator-first=Canon |year=1905 |wslink=From the Founding of the City |orig-date=1st century AD |wslanguage=en |ref={{harvid|Livy}} }}

Periochae

{{cite book |author=Livy |author-link=Livy |title=Periochae |year=2003 |translator-first1=Jona |translator-last1=Lendering |url=https://www.livius.org/articles/person/livy/livy-the-periochae/ |via=Livius.org |ref={{harvid|Livy ''Per.''}} }}

Plutarch

Everyone but the Gracchi

Plut. Ant.

{{Cite book |author=Plutarch |chapter=Life of Antony |title=Parallel Lives |chapter-url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Antony*.html |publisher=Harvard University Press |series=Loeb Classical Library |year=1920 |orig-year=2nd century AD |volume=9 |translator-first=Bernadotte |translator-last=Perrin |oclc=40115288 |via=LacusCurtius |ref={{harvid|Plut. ''Ant.''}} }}

Plut. Brut.

{{Cite book |author=Plutarch |chapter=Life of Brutus |title=Parallel Lives |chapter-url=http://data.perseus.org/texts/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg061.perseus-eng1 |publisher=Harvard University Press |series=Loeb Classical Library |year=1918 |orig-year=2nd century AD |volume=6 |translator-first=Bernadotte |translator-last=Perrin |oclc=40115288 |via=Perseus Digital Library |ref={{harvid|Plut. ''Brut.''}} }}

Plut. Caes.

{{Cite book |author=Plutarch |chapter=Life of Caesar |title=Parallel Lives |chapter-url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Caesar*.html |publisher=Harvard University Press |series=Loeb Classical Library |year=1919 |orig-year=2nd century AD |volume=7 |translator-first=Bernadotte |translator-last=Perrin |oclc=40115288 |via=LacusCurtius |ref={{harvid|Plut. ''Caes.''}} }}

Plut. Crass.

{{Cite book |author=Plutarch |chapter=Life of Crassus |title=Parallel Lives |chapter-url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Crassus*.html |publisher=Harvard University Press |series=Loeb Classical Library |year=1916 |orig-year=2nd century AD |volume=3 |translator-first=Bernadotte |translator-last=Perrin |oclc=40115288 |via=LacusCurtius |ref={{harvid|Plut. ''Crass.''}} }}

Plut. Mar.

{{Cite book |author=Plutarch |chapter=Life of Marius |title=Parallel Lives |chapter-url=http://data.perseus.org/texts/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg031.perseus-eng1 |publisher=Harvard University Press |series=Loeb Classical Library |year=1920 |orig-year=2nd century AD |volume=9 |translator-first=Bernadotte |translator-last=Perrin |oclc=40115288 |via=Perseus Digital Library |ref={{harvid|Plut. ''Mar.''}} }}

Plut. Pomp.

{{Cite book |author=Plutarch |chapter=Life of Pompey |title=Parallel Lives |chapter-url=http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Pompey*.html |publisher=Harvard University Press |series=Loeb Classical Library |year=1917 |orig-year=2nd century AD |volume=5 |translator-first=Bernadotte |translator-last=Perrin |oclc=40115288 |via=LacusCurtius |ref={{harvid|Plut. ''Pomp.''}} }}

Plut. Sull.

{{Cite book |author=Plutarch |chapter=Life of Sulla |title=Parallel Lives |chapter-url=http://data.perseus.org/texts/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg033.perseus-eng1 |publisher=Harvard University Press |series=Loeb Classical Library |year=1916 |orig-year=2nd century AD |volume=4 |translator-first=Bernadotte |translator-last=Perrin |oclc=40115288 |via=Perseus Digital Library |ref={{harvid|Plut. ''Sull.''}} }}

Gracchi

Plut. Ti Gracch (also TG).

{{Cite book |author=Plutarch |chapter=Life of Tiberius Gracchus |title=Parallel Lives |chapter-url=http://data.perseus.org/texts/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg052a.perseus-eng1 |publisher=Harvard University Press |series=Loeb Classical Library |year=1921 |orig-year=2nd century AD |volume=10 |translator-first=Bernadotte |translator-last=Perrin |oclc=40115288 |via=Perseus Digital Library |ref={{harvid|Plut. ''Ti. Gracch.''}} }}

Plut. C Gracch (also CG).

{{Cite book |author=Plutarch |chapter=Life of Caius Gracchus |title=Parallel Lives |url=http://data.perseus.org/texts/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg052b.perseus-eng1  |publisher=Harvard University Press |series=Loeb Classical Library |year=1921 |orig-year=2nd century AD |volume=10 |translator-first=Bernadotte |translator-last=Perrin |oclc=40115288 |via=Perseus Digital Library |ref={{harvid|Plut. ''C. Gracch.''}} }}

Polybius

Polybius (1922–27) [2nd century BC]. Histories. Loeb Classical Library. Translated by Paton, W R. Harvard University Press – via LacusCurtius.

{{cite book |author=Polybius |title=Histories |url=http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Polybius/home.html |year=1922–27 |orig-year=2nd century BC |series=Loeb Classical Library |publisher=Harvard University Press |translator-last=Paton |translator-first=W R |via=LacusCurtius |ref={{harvid|Polyb.}} }}

Sallust

Jugurthine war

Sallust (1921) [1st century BC]. "Bellum Iugurthinum". Sallust. Loeb Classical Library. Translated by Rolfe, John C. Harvard University Press – via LacusCurtius.

{{Cite book |author=Sallust |author-link=Sallust |chapter=Bellum Iugurthinum |title=Sallust |chapter-url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/e/roman/texts/sallust/bellum_jugurthinum/1*.html |publisher=Harvard University Press |series=Loeb Classical Library |year=1921 |orig-year=1st century BC |translator-first=John C |translator-last=Rolfe |via=LacusCurtius |ref={{harvid|Sall. ''Iug.''|1921}} }}

Sallust (1899) [1st century BC]. "Bellum Iugurthinum". Sallust, Florus, and Velleius Paterculus. Harper's Classical Library. Translated by Selby, John Selby. London: Harper & Brothers. OCLC 16955703.

{{Cite book |author=Sallust |author-link=Sallust |chapter=Bellum Iugurthinum |title=Sallust, Florus, and Velleius Paterculus |chapter-url=http://data.perseus.org/texts/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0631.phi002.perseus-eng1 |year=1899 |orig-year=1st century BC |translator-first=John Selby |translator-last=Selby |series=Harper's Classical Library |location=London |publisher=Harper & Brothers |oclc=16955703 |ref={{harvid|Sall. ''Iug.''|1899}} }}

Catilinarian war

Sallust (1921) [1st century BC]. "Bellum Catilinae". Sallust. Loeb Classical Library. Translated by Rolfe, John C. Harvard University Press – via LacusCurtius.

{{Cite book |author=Sallust |chapter=Bellum Catilinae |title=Sallust |chapter-url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Sallust/Bellum_Catilinae*.html |publisher=Harvard University Press |series=Loeb Classical Library |year=1921 |orig-year=1st century BC |translator-first=John C |translator-last=Rolfe |via=LacusCurtius |ref={{harvid|Sall. ''Cat.''}} }}

Suetonius

Suet. Aug.

{{cite book |author=Suetonius |author-link=Suetonius |chapter=Life of Augustus |title=Lives of the Twelve Caesars |year=1913–14 |translator-last=Rolfe |translator-first=J C |series=Loeb Classical Library |publisher=Harvard University Press |location=Cambridge |chapter-url=http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Suetonius/12Caesars/Augustus*.html |via=LacusCurtius |ref={{harvid|Suet. ''Aug.''}} }}

Suet. Iul.

{{cite book |author=Suetonius |author-link=Suetonius |chapter=Life of Caesar |title=Lives of the Twelve Caesars |year=1913–14 |translator-last=Rolfe |translator-first=J C |series=Loeb Classical Library |publisher=Harvard University Press |location=Cambridge |chapter-url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Suetonius/12Caesars/Julius*.html |via=LacusCurtius |ref={{harvid|Suet. ''Iul.''}} }}

Valerius Maximus

The man of many tales himself. I imagine he would win every taberna trivia night... probably because the person posing the questions is reading from his book.

Valerius Maximus (2004). Memorable deeds and sayings: one thousand tales from ancient Rome. Translated by Walker, Henry. Indianapolis: Hackett. ISBN 0-87220-675-0. OCLC 53231884.

{{Cite book |author=Valerius Maximus |author-link=Valerius Maximus |title=Memorable deeds and sayings: one thousand tales from ancient Rome |year=2004 |translator-last=Walker |translator-first=Henry |isbn=0-87220-675-0 |location=Indianapolis |oclc=53231884 |publisher=Hackett |ref={{harvid|Val. Max.}} }}

Recommend using Template:Sfn for this with the loc parameter to produce citations such as

Val. Max., 1.4.3. "During the First Punic War, Publius Claudius... consulted the sacred chickens... and ordered that they be thrown into the sea [when they did not eat]. Shortly after that, he lost his fleet off the Aegates islands".

Velleius Paterculus

Velleius Paterculus (1924). Roman History. Loeb Classical Library. Translated by Shipley, Frederick W. Harvard University Press – via LacusCurtius.

{{cite book |author=Velleius Paterculus |title=Roman History |year=1924 |translator-last=Shipley |translator-first=Frederick W |series=Loeb Classical Library |publisher=Harvard University Press |url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Velleius_Paterculus/home.html |via=LacusCurtius |ref={{harvid|Vell. Pat.}} }}