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Takayasu arteritis | |
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Left anterior oblique angiographic image of Takayasu's arteritis showing areas of stenosis in multiple great vessels. | |
Specialty | Immunology, rheumatology |
Takayasu arteritis also reffered to as Martorell syndrome, occlusive thromboaortopathy, pulseless disease,[1] aortic arch syndrome, idiopathic aortitis, aortoarteritis, and stenosing aortitis[2] is a large-vessel, idiopathic, granulomatous arteritis that primarily affects the aorta, major branch arteries, and, less frequently, the pulmonary arteries.[3]
Depending on where the disease is in its progression, Takayasu arteritis can present with a variety of clinical symptoms. Non-specific systemic symptoms predominate for weeks or months during the early, actively inflammatory phase, but they are often disregarded or mistaken for signs of more common, acute illnesses.[2] The illness typically manifests in the second or third decade of life.[4]
Although the exact cause of Takayasu arteritis is still unknown, evidence of a genetic component to the disease's pathogenesis is primarily provided by the condition's association with the HLA complex.[2]
Blood vessel imaging is necessary for the diagnosis and ongoing treatment of Takayasu's arteritis.[2] Angiography is the preferred method of diagnosis.[4]
The goal of treating Takayasu's arteritis is to reduce vascular inflammation and shield organs from permanent harm. For the best chance of a positive result, early diagnosis and prompt, intensive treatment are crucial.[2]
Signs and symptoms[edit]
The majority of patients have hypertension, and the following general features are most common at the beginning of the disease, headaches (31%) musculoskeletal symptoms (myalgia, arthralgia, or arthritis; 14%), fever (29%), dyspnea (23%), weight loss (22%), and vomiting (20%).[5][6]
Complications[edit]
Causes[edit]
Risk factors[edit]
Triggers[edit]
Genetics[edit]
Virology[edit]
Mechanism[edit]
Diagnosis[edit]
Classification[edit]
Treatment[edit]
Outlook[edit]
Epidemiology[edit]
History[edit]
Society and culture[edit]
Special populations[edit]
Geriatrics[edit]
Pregnancy[edit]
Children[edit]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Lupi-Herrera, Eulo; Sánchez-Torres, Gustavo; Marcushamer, Jorge; Mispireta, Jorge; Horwitz, Simón; Espino Vela, Jorge (1977). "Takayasu's arteritis. Clinical study of 107 cases". American Heart Journal. 93 (1). Elsevier BV: 94–103. doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(77)80178-6. ISSN 0002-8703.
- ^ a b c d e Russo, Ricardo A. G.; Katsicas, María M. (September 24, 2018). "Takayasu Arteritis". Frontiers in Pediatrics. 6. Frontiers Media SA. doi:10.3389/fped.2018.00265. ISSN 2296-2360.
- ^ Kerr, Gail S. (June 1, 1994). "Takayasu Arteritis". Annals of Internal Medicine. 120 (11). American College of Physicians: 919. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-120-11-199406010-00004. ISSN 0003-4819.
- ^ a b Johnston, S L; Lock, R J; Gompels, M M (July 1, 2002). "Takayasu arteritis: a review". Journal of Clinical Pathology. 55 (7). BMJ: 481–486. doi:10.1136/jcp.55.7.481. ISSN 0021-9746.
- ^ Szugye, Heidi S; Zeft, Andrew S; Spalding, Steven J (June 4, 2014). "Takayasu Arteritis in the pediatric population: a contemporary United States-Based Single Center Cohort". Pediatric Rheumatology. 12 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi:10.1186/1546-0096-12-21. ISSN 1546-0096.
- ^ Kothari, SS. "Takayasu's arteritis in children – a review". Images in Paediatric Cardiology. 3 (4). Images in Paediatric Cardiology. PMID 22368604. Retrieved January 20, 2024.