User:سائغ/Se 2
Mental stimulation[edit]
Sexual arousal includes feelings, attractions and desires, as well as physiological changes.[1] These can be elicited not only by physical but also mental stimulations, such as fantasy, erotic literature, dreams, role-play, and imagination.
Fantasy[edit]
Sexual fantasy is a form of mental sexual stimulation which many people engage in.[1] It is where a person imagines a sexual experience while they are awake. Fantasy has less social or safety limits than in real life situations. It gives people more freedom to experiment or think of things they could not necessarily try in real life and can be anything from imagining your spouse naked, to imagining a sexual experience with a mythical creature. Common sexual fantasies include imagining activities with a loved partner, reliving past experiences and experiences with multiple partners of the opposite gender.[1] It's also common to have fantasies about things you would not do in real life and about taboo or illegal activities, such as forcing another, or being forced by another to have sex, intercourse with a stranger and sex with a boy or girl or older partner.[1][2]
It is useful for research because it makes differences between male and female heterosexual preferences clearer than studies of behaviour. Many sexual fantasies are shared between men and women, possibly because of cultural influence.[2] However, there are still gender differences that have been found. Men are more likely than women to imagine being in a dominant or active role, whereas women are more likely to imagine themselves as passive participants.[2] Women's fantasies have significantly more affection and commitment,[3] whereas men are more likely to fantasise using visual imagery and explicit detail.[4][5] One explanation of this difference comes from the evolutionary perspective. Women have a higher minimum parental investment than males (they have 9 months of gestation prior birth and are then the main care givers, whereas men only have to provide sperm to ensure their genes are passed on) and are therefore more likely to want commitment from their partner in order to gain resources to improve their offspring's chance of survival.[6]
Fantasies can have benefits, such as increasing arousal more than other forms of sexual stimuli (such as an erotic story) and increasing sexual desire.[7][8] Individuals who disclose their sexual fantasies to their partners also have a higher sexual satisfaction. However, whether people are willing to open up to their partner generally depends on the content of such fantasies.[9] A more negative effect of sexual fantasy is that it has been linked with sexual crimes, and indeed sexual offenders often report that they have had fantasies related to their offense.[2] However, such fantasies are also common among those who have not been involved in such criminal acts[2] and non-offenders do not use their fantasies to guide their behaviour.[10] Therefore, fantasy alone cannot be used as a sign that someone will become an offender.[2]
Dreams[edit]
Nocturnal orgasms, or "wet dreams" are when men and women ejaculate or orgasm during sleep.[11] These occur during REM (rapid eye movement) phases of sleep,[1] which is the main stage when humans dream.[12] This implies that erotic dreams alone are enough to stimulate men, however erections accompany all REM phases.[1] According to self-report data, as many as 22% of young women may also experience orgasm during sleep, with such dreams being more common in college students in higher school years than younger students.[13] The orgasms experienced were positively correlated with high emotionality, including sexual excitement, but also anxiety.[13]
Sexual role-play[edit]
Sexual role-play is when people act out characters or scenarios which may sexually stimulate each other. This can include fantasies (discussed above) and fetishes, such as BDSM (bondage and discipline, dominance and submission, sadism and masochism) or age-play. It has been described by some as an adult form of L.A.R.P (live action role-play).[14] Role-play can also be carried out online, by typing stories to each other or pretending to be a character, and is therefore a form of mental stimulation you can engage in with another person without them being physically present. Many adolescents find online role-play pleasurable and arousing.[15]
Role-play can also include sexual fanfiction, where characters from well-known stories, that were not sexually or romantically together in the original story, are written into sexual scenes. Slash fiction is a type of fan fiction where the characters of the same sex (originally male-male) engage in romantic or sexual activities. Slash fiction allows people the freedom to share stimulating things that can be counter-cultural.[16]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f LeVay, S., & Valente, S. M. (2006). Human sexuality (2nd ed.). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates.
- ^ a b c d e f Leitenberg, H.; Henning, K. (1995). "Sexual fantasy". Psychological Bulletin. 117 (3): 469–496. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.117.3.469. PMID 7777650.
- ^ Kelley, K (1984). "Sexual fantasy and attitudes as functions of sex of subject and content of erotica". Imagination, Cognition, and Personality. 4 (4): 339–347. doi:10.2190/j66d-n10e-lth5-8aw5. S2CID 144756486.
- ^ Barclay, A. M. (1973). "Sexual fantasies in men and women". Medical Aspects of Human Sexuality. 7: 205–216.
- ^ Hardin, K.; Gold, S. (1988). "Relationship of sex, sex guilt, and experience to written sexual fantasies". Imagination, Cognition, and Personality. 8 (2): 155–163. doi:10.2190/yqqj-7a8u-23le-59kj. S2CID 145369267.
- ^ Ellis, B.; Symons, D. (1990). "Sex Differences in Sexual Fantasy: An Evolutionary Psychological Approach". The Journal of Sex Research. 27 (4): 527–555. doi:10.1080/00224499009551579.
- ^ Goldey, K. L.; van Anders, S. M. (2012). "Sexual arousal and desire: Interrelations and responses to three modalities of sexual stimuli". Journal of Sexual Medicine. 9 (9): 2315–2329. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02845.x. hdl:2027.42/93670. PMID 22788995.
- ^ "Erotica Stories - EroticaTale". Free Sex Stories and Adult Erotica Stories. Retrieved 2020-10-27.
- ^ Anderson, M. (2012). Sexual communication in romantic relationships: An investigation into the disclosure of sexual fantasies (Order No. AAI3489846).
- ^ Howitt, D (2004). "What is the role of fantasy in sex offending?". Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health. 14 (3): 182–188. doi:10.1002/cbm.585. PMID 15614321.
- ^ Geller, Lindsay (2019-06-07). "Whoa, You'll Never Guess What A Lesbian Sex Dream Really Means If You're Straight". Women's Health. Retrieved 2020-10-27.
- ^ Suzuki, H.; Kuga, R.; Uchiyama, M. (2002). "Relationship between dream experience and sleep state under ultra-short sleep-wake schedule". Japanese Journal of Physiological Psychology and Psychophysiology. 20: 19–28. doi:10.5674/jjppp1983.20.19.
- ^ a b Henton, C. L. (1976). "Nocturnal orgasm in college woman: Its relation to dreams and anxiety associated with sexual factors". Journal of Genetic Psychology. 129 (2): 245–51. doi:10.1080/00221325.1976.10534034. PMID 1003178.
- ^ Harviainen, J. T. (2011). "Sadomasochist role-playing as live-action role-playing: a trait-descriptive analysis" (PDF). International Journal of Role-Playing. 2: 59–70.
- ^ Nielsen, S.; Paasonen, S.; Spisak, S. (2015). "'Pervy role-play and such': Girls' experiences of sexual messaging online". Sex Education. 15 (5): 472–485. doi:10.1080/14681811.2015.1048852. S2CID 142054076.
- ^ Kustritz, A. M. (2008). Productive (cyber) public space: Slash fan fiction's multiple imaginary (Order No. AAI3276215). Available From PsycINFO. (621716546; 2008-99030-157).
Further reading[edit]
- Alan F. Dixson (26 January 2012). Primate Sexuality: Comparative Studies of the Prosimians, Monkeys, Apes, and Humans. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-954464-6. Retrieved 28 September 2013.
- Bruce Bagemihl (10 April 2000). Biological Exuberance: Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-1-4668-0927-7.
stimulation.
.svg){kind=small}