Lake Tai
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| Lake Tai | |
|---|---|
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| Coordinates | Coordinates: |
| Basin countries | China |
| Surface area | 2,250 km² |
| Average depth | 2 m |
| Islands | 90 |
Lake Tai (Chinese: 太湖; pinyin: Tài Hú; literally "Grand Lake") is a large lake in the Yangtze Delta plain, on the border of the Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces in the People's Republic of China. The waters of the lake belong to the former in its entirety with part of its southern shore forming the boundary between the two provinces. With an area of 2,250 km² and an average depth of 2 metres[1], it is the third largest freshwater lake in China, after the Poyang and Dongting Lakes. The lake houses about 90 islands, ranging in size from a few square meters to several square miles.
Lake Tai is linked to the renowned Grand Canal. The lake is also the origin for a number of rivers, including Suzhou Creek. In recent years, Lake Tai has been plagued by pollution as a result of rapid economic growth in the surrounding region.
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[edit] Formation
Scientific studies suggest that Lake Tai's circular structure is the result of a meteor impact based on the discovery of shatter cones, shock metamorphosed quartz, microtektites, and shock metamorphic unloading fractures[2]. Recent science has dated the possible impact crater to be greater than 70 thousand years old and possibly from the Late Devonian Period[2]. Fossils indicate that Lake Tai was dry land until the ingression of the East China Sea during the Holocene epoch. The growing deltas of the Yangtze and Qiantang rivers eventually sealed off Lake Tai from the sea, and the influx of fresh water from rivers and rains turned Lake Tai into a freshwater lake.
[edit] Scenic locations
The lake is renowned for its unique limestone formations. These Chinese scholar's rocks are often prized as a decorating material for the traditional Chinese garden, especially in areas such as Suzhou.
According to many guidebooks, Lake Tai is best seen from the scenic viewpoint in Xihui Park (錫惠公園)in the west of Wuxi (無錫), from the top of Dragon Light Pagoda (龍光塔 Lóng Guāng Tǎ), from which both Wuxi and Lake Tai are visible. Another wellknown panoramic view is from Longshan (Mt Long), where famous ancient poet Su Shi (1037–1101) once wrote a poem.
Three of the lake's islands are known as the Sanshan Islands ('three hill islands'), one of the Chinese National Geological Parks.
[edit] Tourist Attractions
One of the best locations to view the lake is Xihui Park in the west of Wuxi. By climbing the summit of Dragon Light Pagoda (Longguang Pagoda) inside the park, you will get a bird view of the city and the lake.
Yuantouzhu is another prominent region for tourists. It received this title because its outline resembles a turtle head. The region gained its fame in the early 20th century and it contains more than ten scenic sites for visit.
[edit] Business and industry
The lake is also known for its productive fishing industry, and is often occupied by fleets of small private fishing boats.[3] Since the late 1970s, harvesting seafood products such as fish and crabs have been invaluable to people living along the lake and have contributed significantly to the economy of the surrounding area.
[edit] Pollution
- Further information: China water crisis and Water resources of China
In May 2007, the lake was overtaken by a major algae bloom and by major pollution with cyanobacteria. [4] The Chinese government has called the lake a major natural disaster despite the clearly anthropogenic origin of this environmental catastrophe. With the average price of bottled water rising to six times the normal rate, the government has banned all regional water providers from implementing price hikes. [5] The lake provides water to 30 million residents, including about one million in Wuxi. [6] As of October 2007, the Chinese government had shut down or given notice to over 1,300 factories around the lake. Notwithstanding this official increase of governmental concern, one of the leading environmentalists who has been publicizing the pollution issues of the lake, Wu Lihong, has now received a three year prison sentence after being arrested and tried for alleged extortion of one of the polluters. [4] Jiangsu province now plans to clean up the lake. [7] At a cabinet level chaired by Wen Jiabao, the State Council set a target to clean Lake Tai by 2012.[8]
[edit] References
- ^ http://www.szkp.org.cn/suzhoudili/szdl/200606/06634333.htm (Chinese)
- ^ a b Wang, Erkang (May 2002). "Discovery and implication of shock metamorphic unloading microfractures in Devonian bedrock of Taihu Lake". Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences 45 (5), http://www.springerlink.com/content/h0jw1n5l59211248/.
- ^ Barrett, Rick. China offers open waters. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel: Feb. 3, 2007
- ^ a b Joseph Kahn, In China, a Lake’s Champion Imperils Himself, International Herald Tribune, October 13, 2007
- ^ "Algae smother Chinese lake, millions panic", MSNBC (2007-05-31).
- ^ "China's third-largest freshwater lake faces algae threat", China Daily (April 14, 2008). Retrieved on 08-04-20.
- ^ China to clean up polluted lake. BBC News: October 27, 2007
- ^ "Across China: Beijing", China Daily (April 4, 2008). Retrieved on 08-04-20.
