Draft:Ikrimah Mawla Ibn Abbas
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|  |
Ikrima ibn Abdullah Al-Barbari | |
|---|---|
| Personal | |
| Born | 645 |
| Died | c. 723 |
| Religion | Islam |
| Era | Rashidun-Umayyad |
| Movement | Tabi'un |
| Occupation | |
| Muslim leader | |
| Disciple of | Ibn Abbas |
Influenced by | |
Influenced | |
Ikrima ibn Abdullah Al-Barbari (Arabic: أبو عبد الله عكرمة ابن عبد الله) is a famous Sunni jurist, exegete of the Quran, Tabi’i and transmitter of hadith.
He is of Berber origin.[1], as indicated by biographers like Ibn Khaldun, Al-Dhahabi and Abu Ishaq al-Shirazi.
He is one of the great ulamas of the second generation, after that of the companions of the Prophet: the generation of Tabi‘un.
Biography[edit]
He was a servant of Hussayn al 'Anbarî who then gave him to the companion of the Prophet, 'Abdu Llâh Ibn 'Abbâs, who took him under his wing and treated him as his son, thus Ikrima became one of his most talented disciples with Sa'id ibn al Joubayr, Mujahid, 'Ata and Tawous.
'Ikrima reported ahadîth according to Ibn 'Abbâs, 'Abdu Llâh Ibn 'Umar, 'Abdu Llâh Ibn 'Amr Ibn Al 'Âs, Abû Hurayrah, [ [Abu Sa`id al-Khudri|Abû Sa'îd Al Khudrî]], Al Hasan Ibn 'Alî Ibn Abî Tâlib, Jabir ibn 'Abdillah, 'Oqba ibn 'Âmir, 'Aïshah, as well as others.
Among his most famous students who reported about him: Ibrahim an-Nakha'i, ach Cha'bi, 'Amr ibn Dînâr, Ayyoub as Sakhtiyâni, ibn Chihâb az Zouhri, Soulayman al A'mach, Mûssâ ibn 'Oqba, Abou Is-haq ach Chaybâni etc.
He was one of the principal Tâbi’în and jurisconsult of Mecca, but he was constantly moving from one city to another. He made numerous trips, notably to Koufa in Iraq, in Khorassan, Yemen, Egypt and North Africa.
Seeing his high level and his numerous travels, 'Abdu Llâh Ibn 'Abbâs asked him to stay in Mecca to deliver the fatwa and teach Islam.
Al-Dhahabi reports that Ikrima said of himself: “I studied religious science for 40 years, and I was standing in front of the door when [[Ibn abbas|'Abdu Llâh Ibn 'Abbâs] ] was in the house while I was giving legal advice (fatwas). »
Al-Dhahabi reports that 'Abdu Llâh Ibn 'Abbâs said to him: "Go and give fatwas to people and I will be a support for you, the one who comes to you and asks you about something that concerns him then give him the fatwa and whoever asks you about things that don't concern him, don't answer him. »
Ibn Maīn reports that when 'Abdu Llâh Ibn 'Abbâs died, Ikrima was still under his authority, so the son of 'Abdu Llâh Ibn 'Abbâs 'Ali ibn 'Abdi Llâh wanted sell it to Khalid ibn Yazîd ibn Mou'âwîya for 4,000 dînârs, then it was said to him: “You sell the knowledge left by your father for 4,000 dînârs? » Hearing this, 'Ali ibn 'Abdi Llâh immediately released Ikrima.
According to Al-Dhahabi it was said to Sa'id ibn al Joubayr: “Do you know anyone more learned than you? » He replied: “Yes, Ikrima”.
Al-Dhahabi reports that ach Cha'bi said: “There remains no one [still alive at his time] more knowledgeable about the book of God (the Quran) than 'Ikrima. »"
Al-Dhahabi reports that Qatada said: “The greatest among the tâbi’în are four in number. 'Attâ was the most learned among them with regard to the rites of pilgrimage, Sa'id ibn al Joubayr was the most learned among them in tafsîr (exegesis of the Koran ), 'Ikrima the most learned among them in the sira (biography) of the Prophet and al Hassan al Basrî the most learned in the licit and the illicit. »
In another narration Qatada said: "The most learned of people in the licit and the illicit is al Hassan al Basrî, regarding the rites of pilgrimage it is 'Attâ and the most learned in tafsîr (exegesis of the Quran ) is 'Ikrima. »
Sufyān al-Thawrī said: “Take the tafsîr of 4 people, of Sa'id ibn al Joubayr, of Mujâhid, of 'Ikrima and of ad Dahâk. »
It was reported from ibn abî Hâtim the following: “My father (Abou Hâtim ar razi) was questioned about Sa'id ibn al Joubayr and 'Ikrima, which is the most scholar in tafsîr. He replied that the companions of 'Abdu Llâh Ibn 'Abbâs agreed that it is 'Ikrima. »
He probably died around the year 723 (105 AH) but others say that he died in 106 or 115[2]
Références[edit]
- ^ Ibn Khallikan’s: Wafayat al-Ayan Wa Anba Abna al-Zaman. A Biographical Dictionary. p. 252.
- ^ See siyar an noubala de adh dhahabi and tabaqat and al fouqaha of abou is-haq ach chîrâzî.