Casualties of the September 11 attacks

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Casualties of the September 11 attacks included a total of 2,974 fatalities, excluding the 19 hijackers: 246 on the four planes (from which there were no survivors), 2,603 in New York City in the towers and on the ground, and 125 at the Pentagon.^[1][2] An additional 24 people remain listed as missing.^[3] All of the fatalities in the attacks were civilians except for 55 military personnel killed at the Pentagon.^[4] More than 90 countries lost citizens in the attacks on the World Trade Center.^[5] In 2007, the New York City medical examiner's office added Felicia Dunn-Jones to the official death toll from the September 11 attacks. Dunn-Jones died five months after 9/11 from a lung condition which was linked to exposure to dust during the collapse of the World Trade Center.^[6]

Contents 1 Evacuation 2 Survivors 3 Fatalities 3.1 World Trade Center 3.2 Pentagon 3.3 Flight 93 3.4 By the numbers 3.5 Non-American casualities 4 Forensic identification 5 References 6 External links

[edit] Evacuation

At the time of the incident, media reports suggested that tens of thousands might have been killed in the attacks, as on any given day upwards of 100,000 people could be inside the towers. Estimates of the number of people in the Twin Towers when attacked on 9/11 range between 14,000 and 19,000. NIST estimated that approximately 17,400 civilians were in the World Trade Center complex at the time of the September 11, 2001 attacks.^[7] Turnstile counts from the Port Authority indicate that the number of people typically in the Twin Towers by 8:45 a.m. was 14,154.^[8]

[edit] Survivors

Only 14 people escaped from the impact zone of the South Tower after it was hit, and only four people from the floors above it. They escaped via Stairwell A, the only stairwell which had been left intact after the impact. No one was able to escape from above the impact zone in the North Tower after it was hit, as all stairwells and elevator shafts on those floors were destroyed. But a small group of people did survive the collapse in the top of the North Tower. After the collapse of the towers, only 23 survivors who were in or below the towers escaped from the debris, including 15 rescue workers. The last survivor was pulled from the rubble 27 hours after the collapse of the towers. A total of 6,294 people were reported to have been treated in area hospitals for injuries related to the 9/11 attacks in New York City.

[edit] Fatalities

[edit] World Trade Center

An estimated 200 people jumped to their deaths from the burning towers (as depicted in the photograph "The Falling Man"), landing on the streets and rooftops of adjacent buildings hundreds of feet below.^[9] To witnesses watching, a few of the people falling from the towers seemed to have stumbled out of broken windows.^[10] Some of the occupants of each tower above its point of impact made their way upward toward the roof in hope of helicopter rescue, however; no rescue plan existed for such an eventuality, the roof access doors were locked and thick smoke and intense heat would have prevented rescue helicopters from landing.^[11]

Cantor Fitzgerald L.P., an investment bank on the 101st–105th floors of One World Trade Center, lost 658 employees, considerably more than any other employer. Marsh Inc., located immediately below Cantor Fitzgerald on floors 93–101 (the location of Flight 11's impact), lost 295 employees, including one on Flight 175. Additionally, Marsh lost 38 consultants. Risk Waters was holding a conference in Windows on the World at the time, with 81 people in attendance.^[12][13]

Lieutenant General Timothy Maude was the highest ranking military official killed at the Pentagon.^[14] John P. O'Neill was a former assistant director of the FBI who assisted in the capture of Ramzi Yousef and was the head of security at the World Trade Center when he was killed trying to rescue people from the South Tower.^[15] An additional 24 people remain listed as missing.^[3]

The average age of all the dead in New York City was 40.^[16] The dead included 8 children: 5 on American 77 ranging in age from 3 to 11, 3 on United 175 ages 2, 3, and 4.^[17] The youngest victim was a 2 year-old child on Flight 175, the oldest an 82 year-old passenger on Flight 11. In the buildings, the youngest victim was 17 and the oldest was 79.^[18]

[edit] Pentagon

All of the fatalities were civilians except 55 military personnel of the 125 victims in the Pentagon.^[19]

[edit] Flight 93

Somerset County coroner Wally Miller directed operations at the Flight 93 crash site in Pennsylvania.

[edit] By the numbers

Fatalities included:

• All on the four planes (no one on board any of the hijacked aircraft survived)^[1] This includes 81 passengers (not counting the hijackers) and 11 crew members were aboard American Airlines Flight 11; 56 passengers and 9 crew members on United Airlines Flight 175; 58 passengers and 6 crew members were aboard American Airlines Flight 77, 33 passengers and 7 crew members aboard United Airlines Flight 93.^[20]
• 2,602 in New York City in the towers and on the ground
  • This includes 343 New York City Fire Department firefighters, 23 New York City Police Department officers, and 37 Port Authority Police Department officers.^[21] Casualties of the 9/11 attacks also included 15 EMTs.^[22] Approximately 2,000 first responders were also injured in the attacks.^[22]
  • 1366 people died who were at or above the floors of impact in the North Tower (1 WTC); according to the Commission Report, hundreds were killed instantly by the impact while the rest were trapped and died after the tower collapsed (though a select few were pulled from the rubble).^[23]
  • As many as 600 people were killed instantly or trapped at or above the floors of impact in the South Tower (2 WTC). Only about 18 managed to escape in time from above and in the impact zone and out of the South Tower before it collapsed.
  • Of those who worked below the impact zones, only 110 were among those killed in the attacks. The 9/11 Commission notes that this fact strongly indicates that evacuation below the impact zones was a success, allowing most to safely evacuate before the collapse of the World Trade Center.^[24]
• 125 in the Pentagon^[25]
• An additional 24 people remain listed as missing.^[3]
• Approximately 67 UK citizens.^[26]

[edit] Non-American casualities

Aside from the approximately 2,646 United States casualties, 329 foreign nationals also perished in the September 11 attacks of 2001. The following is a list of their nationalities. ¹ By far the country with the largest loss of life was the United Kingdom, with 67 deaths. South Korea had 28 whilst Canada and Japan had 24 each. Colombia had 17 whilst Jamaica, Mexico and the Philippines had 16 each. Australia and Germany had 11 each. Italy had 10.

Country Total fatalities  Argentina 4 [27]  Australia 11  Bangladesh 6  Belgium 1 [28]  Brazil 3 [29]  Canada 24 [30][31]  Chile 2  China 4  Côte d'Ivoire 1  Colombia 17  Democratic Republic of the Congo 2  Dominican Republic 1  El Salvador 1  Ecuador 3  France 3  Germany 11  Ghana 2  Guyana 3  Haiti 2  Honduras 1  India 1  Indonesia 1  Ireland 6 [32]  Israel 5  Italy 10 [33]  Jamaica 16  Japan 24 [34]

Country Total fatalities  Jordan 2 [35][36][37]  Lebanon 3  Lithuania 1  Malaysia 3  Mexico 16  Moldova 1  Netherlands 1  New Zealand 2  Nigeria 1  Panama 2 [38]  Peru 5  Philippines 16  Portugal 3 [39]  Poland 1  Russia 1  South Africa 2  South Korea 28  Spain 1  Sweden 1  Switzerland 2  Republic of China (Taiwan) 1  Ukraine 1  Uzbekistan 1  United Kingdom 67 [40]  Bermuda 1  Venezuela 1

^{1. Excludes the 19 perpetrators and at least some cases of dual-citizenship.}

[edit] Forensic identification

Ultimately, 2,752 death certificates were filed relating to the 9/11 attacks, as of February 2005. Of the these, 1,588 (58%) were forensically identified from recovered physical remains.^[41][42] The Associated Press reported that the city has "about 10,000 unidentified bone and tissue fragments that cannot be matched to the list of the dead."^[43] Bone fragments were still being found in 2006 as workers prepared the damaged Deutsche Bank Building for demolition.

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• 9/11/01-02: A Demographic Portrait Of The Victims In 10048
• THE INJURED: A Fireball, a Prayer to Die, Then a Hard Battle to Live, New York Times, 17 October 2001
• The Battery Is Down, All Right, and Crippled, New York Times, 3 October 2001
• THE MOURNER: In a Landscape of Sadness, Offering Just Her Presence, New York Times, 1 October 2001 the story of Carol O'Neill, wife of a founder of Sandler O'Neill, which lost 67 of 180 employees
• THE TRADE CENTER: The Evacuation That Kept a Horrible Toll From Climbing Higher, New York Times, 21 September 2001
• AP (NY Times)--190 Feared Dead at the Pentagon
• New York Times--Five Firefighters Found Alive in the Rubble
• Discovery Channel: Inside the Twin Towers

v • d • e September 11 attacks Timeline Planning · September 11, 2001 · Rest of September · October · Beyond October Victims Casualties Hijacked airliners Flight 11 · Flight 175 · Flight 77 · Flight 93 Sites of destruction World Trade Center · The Pentagon · Shanksville, Pennsylvania Effects and aftermath Immediate aftermath · Airport security · Audiovisual entertainment · Closings and cancellations · Conspiracy theories · Detentions · Economic effects · Impact on popular culture · Reactions · Rumors · Local health effects · Post-9/11 Response U.S. military response · U.S. government response · Rescue and recovery effort · Financial assistance · Operation Yellow Ribbon · Memorials and services Perpetrators Responsibility · Organizers Miscellaneous Communication · WTC collapse · Slogans and terms · Patriot Day · Stairwell A Inquiries U.S. Congressional Inquiry · 9/11 Commission Report · PENTTBOM Inquiry