English: H.M.S. Quebec ablaze at the end of her epic struggle with the French frigate Surveillante, 6 October 1779

The American War of Independence witnessed a number of notable frigate actions, several of which were fought off Brest as French ships attempted to run the Royal Navy's blockade of that port. Perhaps the most celebrated of these actions took place on 6 October 1779 when H.M.S. Quebec, 32-guns, in company with the naval cutter Rambler, 10, sighted the French frigate Surveillante, 32, in company with her cutter Expédition. Due to a heavy swell and only light winds, it was 10 o'clock before the two frigates got within range of each other and then, lying broadside to broadside, they began a furious action as did both the cutters nearby. The fight lasted throughout the day and as darkness fell, both frigates were completely dismasted and had suffered heavy casualties. Whereas Surveillante's spars and sails had fallen overboard however, Quebec's fell across the waist of the ship and were set alight by her guns. The fire spread inexorably until, at 6 o'clock that evening, Quebec, her colours still flying defiantly, blew up and took two-thirds of her crew with her including her Commander, Captain George Farmer. It had been an unequal fight in that Surveillante was armed with 18-pounders against Quebec's 9-pdrs. and this inequality had made Farmer's decision to bring the Frenchman to action the more memorable. Surveillante barely survived the encounter and, in a sinking condition, was towed into port by Expédition; devastation on this scale was rare even in a two-ship contest, one of the closest parallels being, coincidentally, the fight between H.M.S. Serapis and John Paul Jones' Bonhomme Richard off Flamborough Head only two weeks before, on 23 September 1779.

Lot number: Live Auction 12310 lot 113 Sale 1 Dec 2016